基于儿童认知发展理论的校园广场空间设计研究——以上海工程技术大学附属松江泗泾实验学校为例

Research on Campus Square Space Design Based on Children’s Cognitive Development Theory:Taking Songjiang Sijing Experimental School Affiliated to Shanghai University of Engineering Science as an Example

探究儿童认知发展理论在校园广场空间设计中的重要作用,提出适应儿童成长空间的设计策略,为儿童提供和谐友好的成长环境。基于儿童认知发展理论,遵循图示、同化、顺应、平衡四个基本认知概念,从空间和色彩认知维度对现有儿童公共空间进行分析。认为儿童空间应具备环境舒适性、意识私密性、空间探索性等属性特征,而色彩乏味、材质粗糙、功能单一为当前儿童空间存在的主要问题。将理论整体结合上述空间属性需求引入校园广场空间设计,从形态认知、色彩认知、功能认知三个层面入手,围绕儿童的行为自发性、社会趋向性、思维多变性进行设计研究,体现了儿童空间构建的多元化需求及学科交叉性,有效改善了儿童成长环境,能够为儿童成长空间的设计提供实践参考。

The work aims to explore the important role of children’s cognitive development theory in the design of campus square space,propose design strategies to adapt to children’s growth space,and provide children with a harmonious and friendly growth environment.Based on the theory of children’s cognitive development,following the four basic cognitive concepts of schema,assimilation,adaptation and balance,this work analyzes the existing children’s public space from the dimensions of space and color cognition.It is believed that children’s space should have environmental comfort,consciousness privacy,space exploration and other attribute characteristics,while dull color,rough material and single function are the main problems of children’s space at present.The theory is introduced into the space design of the campus square in combination with the above spatial attribute requirements as a whole,starting from the three levels of form cognition,color cognition and function cognition,and the design research is carried out around children’s spontaneous behavior,social tendency and thinking variability,which reflects the diversified needs and interdisciplinary nature of children’s space construction,effectively improves the children’s growth environment,and can provide practical reference for the design of children’s growth space.