基于多源数据的城市形态成熟度评价指征--以上海新老城区为例

An Evaluation Index of Urban Morphological Maturity Based on Multi-source Data: The Case of Shanghai’s New and Old Towns

推动新城空间的成熟化、品质化转型已成为当前城市建设的趋势,但目前尚缺乏可以精准、定量开展新城空间形态成熟度评价的方法。研究立足量化城市形态学,在经典城市形态分析方法的基础上加入街景大数据和新分析技术,同时结合中国建成环境特征开展在地化指标调整,尝试构建适宜本土的城市形态成熟度的定量评价体系。以上海五大新城为例,对城市形态成熟度开展测度分析;并统计专家共识与分析结果相校核,证明了该方法的有效性;进而提出针对性的设计导则,为城市更新提供精准支持。此外,由于该方法主要基于开放易得的多源数据开展分析,后续可进一步支持更大范围的城市空间评估,为新城空间形态品质提升提供兼具全局视野和细节图景的研判支持。

It has become an inevitable trend to promot the maturation and high-quality transformation of new towns, but there is a lack of accurate and quantitative methods for evaluating the maturity of new towns.From the perspective of quantitative urban morphology, this paper combines street view images and new analysis techniques with classic urban morphological analysis, carries out domestic index adjustments with characteristics of China’s built environment, and proposes an evaluation index of urban morphological maturity. Whilst looking at Shanghai’s five new towns, we conduct an analysis on the evaluation indicators of urban maturity. Then, a statistical verification with the consensus of experts proves the effectiveness of the method. On this basis, we propose design guidelines to provide precise support for the“renewal”of the new town. In addition, as it is based on open and easy-to-obtain multi-source data, this index can further support large-scale new town evaluation in the future, providing design supports with both global and detailed perspectives for the optimization of new towns.