保密与融合:论国防专利解密的法制重构

Confidentiality and Integration:On the Legal Reconstruction of the Declassification of National Defense Patent

军民融合发展战略进一步要求高程度的军用技术移转,以促进国家经济建设和国防建设。目前,我国的全局性立法和实施细则虽已构建出国防专利转化的基本框架,但在法律执行过程中尚存在诸多制度性问题亟需解决。现阶段,国防专利转化的关键在于消灭保密法律要件,运用有效解密手段使之转化为普通专利。在此背景下,我国应适时适度地“扩大”国防专利解密权限以完善自我纠察及法律监督机制,并通过提供司法救济以切实保障国防专利权人的合法利益。据此,我国应尽快对国防专利解密相关的法律制度进行重构,在消除国防专利主管部门单一审查片面性的同时,实现科学且高效的法律治理,进而实现军用技术在军地间的安全顺畅移转。

The military-civilian integration development strategy further requires a high degree of military technology transfer to promote national economic and national defense construction. At present, although my country’s overall legislation and implementation rules have established a basic framework for the transformation of national defense patents, they have not yet been able to meet the needs of institutional tools in the process of law enforcement. At this stage, the key to the transformation of national defense patents lies in the elimination of confidential legal requirements and the use of effective decryption methods to transform them into ordinary patents. Therefore, my country should “expand” the defense patent declassification authority to improve the selfpickup and legal supervision mechanism, and provide judicial relief to protect the legitimate interests of the national defense patentee. Accordingly, my country urgently needs to restructure the legal system of defense patent decryption. While eliminating the one-sidedness of the national defense patent authority’s single-sided review, it can also rely on scientific and efficient legal governance mechanisms to promote the transformation of defense patents, thereby realizing the migration of military technologies. change.