京京津津冀地区主要大白菜品种累积镉能力的差异性比较

Variance Analysis of Cadmium Accumulation Potential of Typical Varieties of Chinese Cabbage in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

采用盆栽方式,探究京津冀地区常见的15个大白菜品种对Cd富集能力的差异。结果表明:不同大白菜品种地上部干质量和Cd累积量均存在显著差异,Cd生物富集系数范围为0.003~0.117。虽然15个大白菜品种的地上部Cd含量均低于GB 2762—2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》规定的0.20 mg·kg^(-1)(FW),但聚类分析结果表明京翠60、京夏56号、15^(-1)3白菜、小杂60号为Cd高累积类群,地上部Cd含量为0.115~0.169 mg·kg^(-1)(FW),与处于Cd中低累积类群[地上部Cd含量为0.004~0.092 mg·kg^(-1)(FW)]的品种相比,存在较高的安全风险;14CR-2白菜对土壤中的Cd累积能力明显低于其他品种,适合广泛推广种植。

In this study,15 typical varieties of Chinese cabbage were selected to compare the difference in cadmium(Cd)accumulation capacity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region with pot cultural experiment.The results showed that there were significant differences in dry weight and Cd accumulation of shoot part among different Chinese cabbage cultivars,and the related bio-concentration factors fluctuated in the range of 0.003-0.117.In particular,although Cd concentrations with fresh weight basis in all 15 cabbage varieties were lower than the threshold 0.20 mg·kg^(-1)stipulated in GB 2762—2017 National Food Safety Standard-Limit of Pollutants in Food,the results of the cluster analysis showed that the varieties,including that‘Jingcui 60’‘Jingxia No.56’‘15^(-1)3 Baicai’‘Xiaoza No.60’were high Cd accumulation varieties,and the concentration of Cd content in shoot parts ranged from 0.115 to 0.169 mg·kg^(-1),which had higher safety risk when compared with varieties in medium-low accumulation group(0.004-0.092 mg·kg^(-1)).The Cd accumulation ability of‘14CR-2 Baicai’in soil was significantly lower than that of the other varieties,which was suitable for large-scale planting extension.