飞行员情境意识定量测量研究综述

Review of research on quantitative assessment of pilots’situation awareness

情境意识是飞行员驾驶飞机所需的关键能力之一,而量化评估飞行员的情境意识则是许多研究关注的重点。为了厘清过往飞行员情境意识方面的研究,本文首先总结了六种传统测量方式,包括冻结探测技术、实时探测技术、实验后自评技术、观察者评分技术、绩效表现评估及生理指标评估;然后,介绍了采用数学建模测量飞行员情境意识的方式,这种测量方式更加精细,且具有很强的预测性;最后,详细总结归纳了飞行员情境意识的过往研究中所采用的主要测量手段,对其发展方向进行展望,为该领域的后续研究提供了一定参考。

Situation awareness is one of the key competencies required by pilots to fly aircraft,and quantitative assessment of pilots’situation awareness is the focus of many studies.To clarify past research on pilots’situation awareness,six traditional measurement approaches are firstly summarized in this paper,including freeze-probe technique,real-time probe technique,post-trial self-rating technique,observer scoring technique,performance evaluation and physiological index evaluation.Secondly,a mathematical modeling approach is introduced to measure pilots’situation awareness,which is more refined and highly predictive.Finally,a detailed summary of the main measures used in past studies of pilots’situation awareness is summarized,and its development direction is discussed to provide some reference for subsequent research in this area.