基于光辐射时滞效应的温室番茄蒸腾量模型的构建

Construction of greenhouse tomato transpiration model based on light radiation time-lag effect

【目的】构建基于光辐射时滞效应的温室番茄蒸腾量模型并确定其应用参数。【方法】依据自动连续记录仪实际称重获得的番茄单株小时蒸腾量,分析番茄蒸腾与温室环境因子的时滞关系,构建基于光辐射时滞效应的温室番茄蒸腾量模型,并对模型进行检验。按照模型预测蒸腾量(ET),设置T1(1.0 ET)、T2(1.2 ET)、T3(1.4 ET)3个灌溉处理,研究其对番茄基质含水量、光合作用、叶片解剖结构和干物质积累的影响,对模型应用参数进行求证。【结果】晴天时,光辐射与番茄蒸腾量存在1 h的时滞关系,阴天时无时滞关系。考虑时滞效应有利于提升晴天蒸腾模型的精度,时滞模型标准误差与相对误差分别从无时滞模型的0.1172 mm/h和31.00%降至0.0885 mm/h和23.42%,纳什系数从0.72升至0.84。T3处理番茄的光合能力强于T1、T2处理;T2和T3处理番茄的叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、栅海比显著高于T1处理;T3处理番茄的干物质积累量显著高于T1,但与T2间差异不显著。考虑水分利用效率因素认为,T2处理综合最优。【结论】晴天时光辐射时滞效应1 h的温室番茄蒸腾模型误差最小,精度最高;在番茄果实膨大期,模型灌溉参数为1.2。

【Objective】This study constructed a greenhouse tomato transpiration model based on light radiation time-lag effect and determined its application parameters.【Method】According to hourly transpiration of tomato obtained from automatic continuous crop water consumption recorder and the time-lag relationship between tomato transpiration and greenhouse environmental factors,a greenhouse tomato transpiration model based on the time-lag effect was constructed and verified.Based on the transpiration model,treatments of T1(1.0 ET),T2(1.2 ET),and T3(1.4 ET)were set.The effects of different irrigation amount on tomato photosynthesis,anatomical structure and dry matter were studied,and the model application parameters were determined.【Result】The time-lag effect between light radiation(R_(n))and transpiration on sunny days was 1 h,and there was no time-lag effect on cloudy days.The time-lag effect was beneficial to improve the accuracy of transpiration model on sunny days,the standard and relative errors were decreased from 0.1172 mm/h and 31.00%to 0.0885 mm/h and 23.42%,and the Nash coefficient was increased from 0.72 to 0.84.The photosynthetic capacity of T3 was better than T1 and T2,and leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,and palisade tissue/spongy tissue ratio of T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of T1.Dry matter of T3 was significantly higher than T1,without significant difference with T2.Considering water use efficiency,T2 treatment was the optimal.【Conclusion】Greenhouse tomato transpiration model with light radiation time-lag of 1 hour had the smallest error and highest accuracy.The model irrigation parameter in fruiting stage was 1.2.