不同地域来源牡丹的亲缘关系分析

Phylogenetic relationship of tree peony from different geographical provenances

【目的】探究西南牡丹品种群与不同种源牡丹品种的亲缘关系,为其栽培起源研究提供基础资料。【方法】以50个中原牡丹品种、20个西南牡丹品种、18个西北牡丹品种、6个国外牡丹品种、1个江南牡丹品种和2个野生种共计96份不同地理种源牡丹为材料,利用36个目标起始密码子多态性(start codon targeted polymorphism,SCoT)引物进行PCR扩增,筛选多态性比率好的条带,利用NTSYS-pc软件计算品种间的遗传相似性系数,在此基础上,采用UPGMA聚类分析个体间的亲缘关系。【结果】多态性好的引物共有18个,用其对96个牡丹样本进行扩增,共获得182条扩增条带,其中多态性条带172个,多态性比率为94.50%;96个样本间的遗传相似性系数在0.5523~0.8681,品种间遗传差异较大,其中遗传相似性系数最大的是西北牡丹品种2与品种3,而紫斑牡丹与豆绿和中甸紫2的遗传相似性系数最小。在遗传相似性系数为0.6931时,96个牡丹样本聚为8支,第1支由15个中原牡丹品种、4个西南牡丹品种和1个江南品种组成;第2支由2个西南牡丹品种丽江紫3和昭通粉1组成;第3支由35个中原传统牡丹品种聚成;第4支包括3个日本品种、1个法国品种和14个西南品种;第5支由17个紫斑牡丹杂交品种聚成;第6支仅有紫斑牡丹1个样本;第7支仅有黄牡丹1个样本;第8支由美国品种海黄和法国品种金晃聚成。【结论】西南牡丹品种与日本牡丹关系最近,与中原牡丹也有着近缘关系,而与其他种源的品种群关系较远。产地对西南牡丹品种的亲缘关系影响较大。

【Objective】This study investigated the genetic relationships and genetic diversity of tree peony cultivars to improve the understanding of peony cultivation origin.【Method】A total of 96 cultivars with 50 from Central China,20 from Southwest,18 from Northwest,6 from abroad,1 from Jiangnan and 2 wild types were included in this study.Thirty-six start codon targeted polymorphism(SCoT)primers were used to amplify DNA fragments and good polymorphic bands were selected to calculate the genetic similarity by NTSYS-pc software.Subsequently,the genetic relationships were analyzed based on UPGMA dendrogram.【Result】Eighteen primers with good polymorphism were selected to detect DNA mutants.A total of 182 bands were produced,among which 172 bands were polymorphic with polymorphic ratio of 94.50%.The genetic similarity coefficients among all 96 samples ranged from 0.5523 to 0.8681.Hybrids 2 and 3 of P.rockii had the highest similarity coefficient,while P.rockii had the lowest coefficient with P.suffruticosa Doulüand Zhongdianzi 2.The 96 samples were divided into 8 branches at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.6931.The first branch included 20 samples,15 from Central China,4 from Southwest and 1 from Jiangnan.The second branch included Lijiangzi 3 and Zhaotongfen 1.The third branch consisted of 35 traditional Central samples,and the fourth included 3 Japanese samples,1 French sample and 14 Southwest samples.The fifth branch included 17 hybrids of P.rockii.The sixth branch and the seventh branch involved only one wild species of P.rockii and P.lutea,respectively.The eighth branch contained 1 American cultivar Haihuang and 1 French cultivar Jinhuang.【Conclusion】Southwest peony samples had the closest relationship with Japanese samples,close relationship with Central China samples,and less relationship with other samples.The phylogenetic relationship of Southwest peony samples was largely determined by their origins.