全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响因素及其预防

Analysis of influencing factors and preventive measures of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty

目的探讨全髋关节置换(Total hip arthroplasty,THA)术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis,DVT)的影响因素及其预防措施。方法选择2020年1月至2022年7月在本院行THA治疗的88例作为研究对象,分析术后DVT发生的影响因素。结果88例THA患者术后发生DVT 33例(37.50%),其余55例(62.50%)患者未发生DVT;单因素分析显示,年龄、假体类型、术中出血量、手术用时、术后卧床时间与THA患者术后DVT发生有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,年龄≥60岁、骨水泥型假体、术中出血量>400mL、手术用时>4h、术后卧床时间>4d是THA患者术后DVT发生的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论THA患者术后DVT发生与年龄、假体类型、术中出血量、手术用时、术后卧床时间有关,针对各因素制定相应的预防对策干预,可能减少DVT发生。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors and preventive measures of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)of lower extremity after total hip replacement(THA).Methods A total of 88 patients who underwent THA in our hospital from January 2020 to July 2022 were selected as the research objects.The influencing factors of DVT in patients with THA were analyzed.Results Thirty-three patients(37.50%)developed DVT after THA,and the remaining 55 patients(62.50%)did not develop DVT.Univariate analysis showed that age,prosthesis type,intraoperative blood loss,operation time,postoperative bed time were related to the occurrence of DVT in THA patients,and there were statistical differences(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age≥60 years old,cement type prosplasty,intraoperative blood loss>400mL,operation time>4 hours,postoperative bed rest time>4 days were high risk factors for DVT after THA(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of DVT after THA is related to age,type of prosthesis,intraoperative blood loss,operation time and postoperative bed rest time.The corresponding preventive intervention based on each factor may reduce the incidence of DVT.