单相异步电机无级调速控制系统及其控制算法

Stepless speed regulation control system and control algorithm of single-phase asynchronous motor

该文以提高单相异步电机调速系统控制性能为目标进行研究。针对传统单相电容运转异步电机调速范围窄的问题,提出采用三相逆变器替代电容,设计一种新型无级调速控制系统来提升电机动态调速范围。引入矢量控制模型实现单相异步电机的定向磁场和转矩解耦控制,算法根据转矩调节电压/频率(Voltage/Frequency,V/F),优化调速控制从而提高效率。当电压合成矢量超过正弦调制点时,基于电压交替畸变法原理,通过计算正副绕组交变畸值对调制分量进行补偿,再计算输出调制比例,实现电机的无级调速,提高异步电机的效率。样机试验结果表明,与传统调速策略相比,该算法能有效改善电机进行无级调速的性能。在系统调节电流脉动时,输出功率、转矩波动减小,电机效率提高。

This paper aims to improve the control performance of single-phase asynchronous motor speed control system.Firstly,in order to solve the problem of narrow speed regulation range of traditional single-phase capacitor operated asynchronous motor,a new stepless speed regulation control system is designed to improve the dynamic speed regulation range of motor by using three-phase inverter instead of capacitor.Secondly,the vector control model is introduced to realize the directional of magnetic field and torque decoupling control of single-phase asynchronous motor.The algorithm adjusts the voltage/frequency(V/F)according to the torque to optimize speed regulation control and improve efficiency.Finally,when the voltage synthesis vector exceeds the sinusoidal modulation point,based on the principle of voltage alternating distortion method,the modulation component is compensated by the calculation of primary and secondary winding alternating distortion value,and then the output modulation proportion is calculated,so as to realize the stepless speed regulation of the motor and improve the efficiency of the asynchronous motor.The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively improve the performance of stepless speed regulation compared with the traditional speed regulation strategy.When the system adjusts the current ripple,the output power and torque ripple are reduced,and the motor efficiency is improved.