“制度—能力”框架下地方政府优化营商环境的困境与进路

The Difficulties and Ways of Optimizing the Business Environment of Local Governments under the Framework of "Institution-Capability"

我国营商环境评级整体呈现“东强西弱”之势,与经济发展水平基本对应。但研究发现,经济发展水平与营商环境评级并非总是正向联系。营商环境本质是一地的制度环境,作为制度供给主体的地方政府服务能力的强弱决定着营商环境的良莠。优化营商环境标杆地区的地方政府除了发展资源禀赋以外,其高阶运行的政府服务能力才是其营商环境评级领先的深层原因。以“制度-能力”框架分析营商环境相对落后地区地方政府优化营商环境能力落后的表征,总结可资营商环境相对落后地区借鉴的先进地区经验,有助于推动我国整体层面营商环境不断优化升级。

The overall rating of China′s business environment shows a trend of "strength in the east and weak in the west", which basically corresponds to the level of economic development. However, the study found that the level of economic development and business environment ratings are not always positively correlated. The essence of the business environment is the institutional environment of a place. The service capability of the local government as the main body of institutional supply determines whether the business environment is good or bad. In addition to developing resource endowments, the high-level government service capabilities of the local governments in the benchmarking areas to optimize the business environment are the underlying reasons for their leading business environment ratings. Based on the framework of "institution-capacity", this paper analyzes the backwardness of the local governments′ ability to optimize the business environment, summarizes the experience of the advanced regions in optimizing the business environment that can be used for reference by the local governments, and helps to promote the continuous optimization and upgrading of our country′s overall business environment.