清初丹霞遗民舍山缘起

The Adherents of Ming Dynasty Abandoned the Mount Danxia and Establishment of Biechuan Temple in Early Qing Dynasty

清初名僧澹归今释创建别传寺推动了曹洞宗中兴,改变了粤北的佛门格局,也塑造了今释本身;而该道场的开辟,与托迹于丹霞的明遗民舍山息息相关。清初,曾为南赣巡抚的明遗臣李永茂与从弟李充茂因归乡路断而买下此山,并命名为“丹霞”。其后山上聚集了一个为数可观的遗民群体。顺治十八年(1661),今释以供养师祖宗宝道独和尚为由以偈乞山,而亦若居士姚继舜则以山酬偈。同年底,信仰佛教的山主李充茂在姚继舜等人的游说下写下《舍山牒》,把整个丹霞山都施予了佛门。遗民们之所以会放弃丹霞,是由于复明无望,而归路已通。而道德质量、文化修养、政治立场获遗民们认同,且在永历朝与李充茂曾为同僚,是今释成为丹霞山受施者的原因。

Dangui(Jinshi),a famous monk in the early Qing Dynasty,changed the pattern in Northern Guangdong and promoted the resurgence of Caodong School by establishing Biechuan Temple.The adherents of Ming Dynasty abandoned the mountain and moved to Mountain Danxia are the precondition of establishing this way-place.Yongmao Li who was former grand coordinators of southern Jiangxi and his brother Chongmao Li bought eastern Renhua county and name it as“Danxia”together due to unable to return to home town.There were plenty of adherents in the mountain at that time.Jinshi used gatha to implore the mountain on the grounds of subsisting of Grandmaster monk Zongbao(Daodu)while Jishun Yao who was known as Yiruo lay Buddhist used the mountain to implore gatha.Chongmao Li who had Buddhist beliefs wrote a document giving up the mountain under Jishun Yao and other people’s lobbying at the end of the same year.He also gave the whole Mountain Danxia to Buddhist.The hopelessness of restoring Ming Dynasty and the availability of ways to return home were the reasons that the adherences abandoned Danxia.The reasons why Jinshi became a bedesman in Mountain Danxia were that his moral trait,cultural accomplishment and political standpoint was recognised by the adherences as well as he was Chongmao Li’s colleague.