固体燃料超燃冲压发动机关键基础技术问题

Some problems on key basic technology of solid fuel scramjet

针对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机的应用背景、技术优势和发展需求,对制约固体燃料超燃冲压发动机进一步工程化应用所面临的主要关键基础技术进行系统梳理。通过对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机工作原理、点火和火焰稳定性、燃面退移速率模型、固体燃料种类、超燃冲压发动机试验台技术特点及固体燃料超燃冲压发动机工作性能的阐述,详细分析了固体燃料超燃冲压发动机技术研究的进展和难点,并对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机未来研究趋势进行了展望。研究认为,固体燃料在超声速流动下的细化燃烧反应机理还需要进行深入研究,需要建立更加完善的超声速细化燃烧模型;考虑不同的固体燃料,固体燃料配方不同,带来推力性能和燃烧效率也不一样,需要推动固体推进剂技术改良;发动机地面试验测量方式过于单一,需要发展先进的测量手段。

Aiming at application background, technical advantages and development requirements of solid fuel scramjet, the main key basic technologies that restrict the further engineering application of solid fuel scramjet were systematically sorted out.The working principle of solid fuel scramjet, ignition and flame stability, regression rate model of burning surface, solid fuel types, the test stand technical characteristics and the working performance of solid fuel scramjet were introduced in detail.Research progress and difficulties of the solid fuel scramjet technology were analyzed, and the future research trend of solid fuel scramjet was prospected.It is believed that the detailed combustion reaction mechanism of solid fuel under supersonic flow needs to be further studied, and a more perfect supersonic detailed combustion model needs to be established.Considering different solid fuels and formulations, corresponding thrust performance and combustion efficiency can be also different, so it is necessary to promote solid propellant technology improvement;the measurement method of motor ground test is too single, and advanced measurement methods need to be developed.