从普通母猪中生产高质量实验用猪生产技术的探讨

Discussion of Production Technology Produce High-quality Experimental Pigs from Common Sows

目的建立一种高质量实验猪的批量生产技术,实现其批量供应,以满足市场需求。方法本研究分两个对比实验进行,实验一:来源于2头二花脸母猪和2头大白母猪的仔猪,每窝仔猪分成2组,分别采用人工乳(实验组)和商品化婴儿奶粉(对照组)进行人工饲喂;实验二:来源于5头大白母猪的仔猪,每窝选择5头仔猪作为实验组,剩余仔猪作为对照组,分别采用人工乳和母乳饲喂。结果实验一:(1)实验组出现一过性腹泻,21日龄存活率达到100%,而对照组因腹泻批量死亡,存活率仅为10%;(2)所有仔猪断奶时抗体检测PRRSV、CSFV、PRVgE、PCV2、FMD和Mhp均为阴性,抗原检测PRRSV、PCV2、CSFV、PRV、Mhp、APP、T+Pm、PEDV和TGEV均为阴性。实验二:(1)实验组和对照组存活率均为100%,但对照组和实验组的日增重分别为0.16和0.28 kg/d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)对照组断奶时PRRSV、CSFV、PRVgE、PCV2、FMD和Mhp抗体阳性率分别为63.6%、84.8%、100%、100%、100%以及90.9%,而实验组全为阴性;(3)上述9种病原,对照组PRRSV、PCV2、Mhp和PEDV病原在仔猪断奶时已有转阳,而实验组所有指标均为阴性。结论利用屏障系统,无菌接产和自配人工乳,初步尝试了一种以普通母猪为供体的高质量实验猪培育方法,该方法供体来源广泛,且无需剖宫产,适合大范围推广应用。

Objective To establish the batch production technology of high-quality experimental pigs and realize the batch supply of high-quality experimental animal pigs.Method Two comparative experiments were carried out in this study.Experiment 1:piglets from two erhualian sows and two large white sows were divided into two groups for each litter,and were fed with artificial milk(experimental group) and commercial infant milk(control group) respectively;Experiment 2:The piglets from 5 large white sows were selected as the experimental group(5 piglets per litter,fed with artificial milk) and the remaining piglets as the control group fed with breast feeding.Result In experiment 1,(1) the experimental group showed transient diarrhea,and the survival rate at the age of 21 days reached 100%,while the survival rate of the control group was only 10% due to diarrhea.(2) All the piglets in this experiment tested antibodies negative for PRRSV,CSFV,PRVgE,PCV2,FMD,and Mhp.The pathogen test also showed negative for PRRSV,PCV2,CSFV,PRV,Mhp,APP,T+Pm,PEDV,and TGEV.In experiment 2,(1) the survival rates of the experimental group and the control group were 100%,and the daily weight gain was 0.16 and 0.28 kg/day,respectively,with a significant difference(p<0.05).(2)The positive rates of PRRSV,CSFV,PRVgE,PCV2,FMD,and Mhp antibodies were 63.6%,84.8%,100%,100%,100%,and 90.9% respectively in the control group,and all the other pigs were negative.(3) Among the above 9 pathogens,PRRSV,PCV2,Mhp and PEDV pathogens in the control group turned positive at weaning,while all indicators in the experimental group were negative.Conclusion Through a barrier system,aseptic delivery,artificial feeding standard,and the optimization of artificial milk formula,a preliminary attempt was developed to artificially breed high-quality experimental piglets with common sows as donors,and high-quality experimental pigs with negative main epidemic pathogens were successfully obtained.This method widens the range of donors and does not require a caesarean section,which is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.