新冠病毒疫情期间深圳市居民抑郁、焦虑情况调查及其影响因素分析

Investigation of Depression and Anxiety on Shenzhen Residents During Epidemic of COVID-19 and Influencing Factors

目的 了解新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)疫情期间深圳市居民抑郁、焦虑情况及其影响因素分析,为心理干预提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段抽样方法,从深圳市龙岗区11个街道抽取10 634名居民作为研究对象,采用健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)筛查居民的焦虑、抑郁情况,统计方法包括统计描述、t检验、方差分析及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 深圳市居民抑郁、焦虑的检出率分别为26.6%、21.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性、30~<60岁和60岁及以上、高中/中专及大专以上学历是抑郁、焦虑的危险因素(P<0.05),已婚、经济条件一般及较好、其他职业、无固定职业、学生是不出现抑郁、焦虑的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 新型冠状病毒疫情期间深圳市居民出现不同程度的抑郁、焦虑症状,需重点加强对女性、30岁以上、高中/中专及以上学历、经济状况差、无伴侣、机关事业单位人员的心理干预。

Objective To understand the status and affecting factors of depression and anxiety on Shenzhen residents during COVID-19 pandemic, and provide the scientific basis for psychological intervention.Methods In this study, 10 634 residents from 11 streets in Longgang District of Shenzhen city were selected as the research objects by multi-stage sampling method.Health Questionnaire Depression Scale(PHQ-9)and Generalized Anxiety Scale(GAD-7)were used to screen the residents for anxiety and depression.Statistical methods include statistical description, t-test, analysis of variance and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The detection rates of depression and anxiety in Shenzhen residents were 26.6% and 21.4%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females, 30-<60 years old and above, senior high school/technical secondary school and above were risk factors for depression and anxiety of Shenzhen residents(P<0.05).Being married, of general and better economic conditions, in other professional, with unsteady occupation and being students were the protective factors for Shenzhen residents without depression and anxiety(P<0.05).Conclusion Shenzhen residents showed varying degrees of depression and anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic.It is necessary to strengthen psychological intervention for women, people aged over 30 years old, who were senior high school/technical secondary school and above, of poor economic conditions, with no partner, and work in public institutions.