中国学龄儿童和青少年身体活动的家庭干预:系统综述

Physical Activity Interventions with Family Involvement for Chinese School-aged Children and Adolescents:A Systematic Review

目的 系统总结家庭干预在中国学龄儿童青少年身体活动促进项目中的应用现状和效果,为改善家庭干预研究提供参考。方法 通过中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science数据库检索关于中国学龄儿童青少年身体活动家庭干预的期刊论文,依据纳入排除标准进行筛选,并对纳入文章进行质性整合与分析。结果 共纳入10篇文献,其中中英文文献各5篇;分别报道了4项身体活动或体质健康干预和6项肥胖防控干预。家庭干预的主要方式包括面向家长的知识讲座、家庭体育作业以及要求家长发挥监督督促作用。尽管纳入研究均报道了儿童青少年身体活动干预效果,但多数研究仅部分结果指标显著改善;且有4项研究分别显示校外、周末、女生以及客观测量的干预效果不显著。另外,干预效果的持续性以及家庭干预的独立效果未知。结论 我国儿童青少年身体活动的家庭干预存在研究数量、方法以及报告质量方面的不足。尽管行为干预能在一定程度上促进学龄儿童青少年身体活动,但家庭干预的独立或叠加效果未知。需要更多创新性干预设计和高质量的干预研究为强化家庭干预的效力提供实证依据。

Objective To summarize the application and effects of family involvement in physical activity interventions for Chinese school-aged children and adolescents.Methods We searched peer-reviewed articles from CNKI,Wangfang, CQVIP,PubMed, and Web of Science, screened search results based on pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and qualitatively synthesized the included articles.Results A total of 10 articles were included, 5 studies each from Chinese and English journals.These articles described 4 physical activity/fitness promotion interventions and 6 childhood obesity control programs.Family strategies mainly included caregiver-oriented health classes, physical activity homework, encouraging caregivers to monitor children and adolescents’ physical activity.Even though all studies reported some positive outcomes, most of them(k =7)only demonstrated partial intervention effects.In addition, four studies reported insignificant effects on physical activity out of school, on weekend, among girls, or objectively measured.Conclusion Interventions with family involvement showed positive effects on improving physical activity for Chinese school-aged children and adolescents.However, their long-term effects and the additive effects remain unknown.Interventions with innovative design and high-quality reporting are needed to provide science-based evidence to strengthen the effects of family-based intervention strategies.