一种降超压值的高效率身管装置流场分析

Flow Field Analysis of a High-Efficiency Barrel Device with Reduced Overpressure Value

炮口制退器是火炮上重要的减后坐力装置,可以有效降低后坐力和后坐位移。但随着炮口制退器制退效率的提高,炮口超压值带来的危害显著增大。针对某型高效率炮口制退器带来的炮口超压值过高的问题,提出一种基于封闭反射膨胀原理的身管装置。采用N-S方程和k-e两方程模型,建立含弹丸的三维数值模型,应用动网格技术和用户自定义函数(UDF)模拟弹丸在发射过程中的运动。通过实验和仿真结果发现,安装炮口装置和身管装置的方案与只安装炮口装置的方案相比,在制退效率仅下降了3%的情况下能够实现监测点的超压峰值下降约60 MPa,为火炮减后坐力方法提供了新思路。

The muzzle brake is an important recoil reduction device on the artillery,which can effectively reduce recoil and recoil displacement.However,with the improvement of braking efficiency of the muzzle brake,the harm caused by muzzle overpressure increases significantly.Aiming at the problem of excessive muzzle overpressure caused by a high-efficiency muzzle brake,a barrel device based on the principle of closed reflection expansion was proposed.Using the N-S equation and the k-e two-equation model,a three-dimensional numerical model containing the projectile was established,and the dynamic mesh technology and user-defined function(UDF)were used to simulate the movement of the projectile during the launching process.Through experiments and simulation results,it is found the scheme that installing the muzzle device and the barrel device can achieve a significant drop of the peak overpressure at the monitoring point when the braking efficiency is only reduced by 3%compared with the scheme that only installs the muzzle device.The drop is about 60 MPa.This paper provides new ideas for artillery recoil reduction methods.