2015—2019年福州市冰毒成瘾者流行病学特征、高危行为及复吸情况调查

Epidemiological characteristics,high-risk behaviors and relapse of methamphetamine addicts in Fuzhou from 2015 to 2019

目的了解福州市冰毒成瘾者的流行病学特征、高危行为及复吸情况,为禁毒工作提供数据支撑。方法2015—2019年福州市公安强制隔离戒毒所采集的2577份冰毒成瘾者调查数据,对冰毒成瘾者的流行病学特征、高危行为及复吸情况等进行统计描述。结果(1)社会人口学特征:男性1879例,女性698例;年龄分布以青年为主,40岁及以下1843例;未婚人数1086例;文化程度普遍不高,初中及以下2074例;职业分布广泛,主要为无业人员626例和商业人员537例。(2)吸毒特征:吸毒年限以1~3年(1075例)为主,1~2次正规戒毒者(1723例)、每日吸毒量0.1 g以下(963例)最多,吸毒的主要原因是好奇心理(1296例)和他人引诱(797例)。(3)高危行为特征:无共针人数2464例;不使用安全套1694例。(4)复吸情况:复吸2447例,排前三位的复吸原因排名前三为毒友影响798例、打发无聊时间740例和消除烦恼673例。结论福州市2015—2019年冰毒成瘾者以男性、青年、未婚、无职业、初中及以下文化程度居多,高危性行为和高复吸率突出,相关戒毒机构及工作人员应充分结合本地区情况,精准制定并实施毒品预防教育策略、禁毒措施及康复管理等方案。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics,high-risk behaviors and relapse of methamphetamine addicts in Fuzhou,so as to provide data support for drug control.Methods The epidemiological characteristics,high-risk behaviors and relapse of methamphetamine addicts were statistically described based on the survey data of 2577 methamphetamine addicts collected from the public security compulsory isolation and drug rehabilitation center in Fuzhou from 2015 to 2019.Results(1)Sociodemographic characteristics:there were 1879 males and 698 females.The age distribution was mainly young,with 1843 cases aged 40 or below.1086 cases were unmarried;the education level was generally not high,2074 cases were junior middle school or below;There were 626 cases of unemployed and 537 cases of commercial workers.(2)Characteristics of drug use:The number of years of drug abuse was 1 to 3 years(1075 cases),the number of regular drug abusers(1723 cases)for 1 to 2 times and the maximum amount of drug abuse below 0.1 g per day(963 cases).The main reasons for drug abuse are curiosity(1296 cases)and temptation(797 cases).(3)Characteristics of high-risk behaviors:2464 cases without co-injection;1694 cases without condom.(4)Characteristics of relapse:2447 cases were relapsed,and the top three reasons for relapse were 798 cases affected by drug friends,740 cases of fighting boredom and 673 cases of eliminating troubles.Conclusion From 2015 to 2019,the majority of methamphetamine addicts in Fuzhou were male,young,unmarried,unemployed,junior high school and below,with prominent high-risk sexual behavior and high relapse rate.Relevant drug treatment institutions and staff should accurately formulate and implement drug prevention education strategies,drug control measures and rehabilitation management plans in full combination with the local situation.