带百叶吸声体的轨道交通全封闭声屏障声学设计研究

Study on Acoustics Design of Fully Enclosed Sound Barrier with Louver Absorber for Rail Transit

依据相关设计规范,轨道交通全封闭声屏障应设置不少于水平投影响面积5%的自然排烟通道,这将直接导致全封闭声屏障顶部严重漏声。为减少全封闭声屏障顶部漏声,提出并设计了全封闭声屏障顶部开口处百叶吸声体。采用SoundPLAN噪声预测软件,模拟全封闭声屏障顶部开口位置安装百叶吸声体前后对周边敏感建筑的噪声影响。在全封闭声屏障顶部开口位置处安装百叶吸声体后,敏感点的噪声值比安装前明显降低;不同厚度和不同材质的百叶吸声体对全封闭声屏障整体降噪效果均有影响。结果表明,在全封闭声屏障顶部开口位置安装百叶吸声体可以提高声屏障降噪效果。

According to relevant design specifications, the fully enclosed sound barrier of rail transit should be equipped with a natural smoke exhaust channel, the area of which should be no less than 5% of the horizontal impact area. It will directly lead to serious sound leakage at the top of the fully enclosed sound barrier. In order to reduce the sound leakage, a louver absorber installed at the top of the fully enclosed sound barrier was designed. The noise prediction software SoundPLAN was used to simulate the noise influence of louvered sound absorber on the surrounding sensitive buildings before and after installing the louvered sound absorber at the top opening of the fully enclosed sound barrier. After the louver is installed at the top opening of the fully enclosed sound barrier, the noise value of the sensitive points is significantly lower than that before installation, and the noise reduction effect is relative with different thickness or materials of louver absorber. The results show that installing louver sound absorbers at the top opening of the fully enclosed acoustic barrier can improve the noise reduction effect of the acoustic barrier.