重大突发公共卫生事件中政府治理主题与演化研究:基于疫情防控新闻发布会的文本分析

Research on the Theme and Evolution of Government Governance in Major Public Health Emergencies:A Textual Analysis Based on the Press Conference of Epidemic Prevention and Control

对新冠疫情防控新闻发布会的内容进行分析,梳理各项治理措施,有助于刻画政府在抗疫不同阶段如何进行有效的应对,从而更好地理解政府的治理理念和模式.文章提出一种结合语义信息的共现网络和社区发现的政策文本分析框架,对疫情防控政府新闻发布会文本进行分析,讨论突发公共卫生事件中政府治理特征、治理主题的演化规律以及与各职能部门间的互动逻辑.研究结果表明政府治理主题覆盖面广,同时又有所侧重,医疗、农业和交通是政府治理的核心方向;每个治理主题下对应多个部门参与,呈现出统一领导,多主体联动的战略布局;治理主题的连续性较强,针对疫情发展的不同阶段,政府治理工作重心也会做出相应的调整.文章为突发公共卫生事件的有效应对和政策制定提供经验借鉴.

By analyzing the contents of the press conference on epidemic prevention and control,this study summarizes the various measures taken by the Chinese government along the entire process of epidemic prevention and control.It helps to describe how the government effectively responds in different stages of fighting against the COVID-19,so as to better understand the ideas and modes of public governance.This study proposes a policy text analysis framework by combining semantic information co-occurrence network and community discovery algorithm.This study discusses the characteristics of governance in public health emergencies,the evolution of governance themes,and the interacting logic among government functional departments.The results show that government governance topics cover a wide range and some key points are emphasized.Medical care,agriculture and transportation are the core directions of government governance;various functional departments cooperate closely,and under each governance theme corresponds to multiple departments to participate,showing a working situation of joint prevention and control;the governance theme shows strong continuity,and the focus of government governance has been adjusted accordingly in response to the different stages of the development of the epidemic.This study provides experience and reference for effective response to public health emergencies and policy formulation.