供给侧改革背景下农业科技创新模式与实践

Mode and Practice of Agricultural Scientific and Technological Innovation Under the Background of Supply-side Structural Reform

【目的/意义】党中央、国务院部署深入推进农业供给侧结构性改革,强调农业增效,农业效率的改善离不开科技创新和制度创新。【方法/过程】采用比较分析法等研究方法,通过分析我国东南丘陵地区的R&D投入强度、全国植物新品种权申请授权量等较能代表农业科技创新程度的指标,对我国总体农业科技创新模式问题展开研究。【结果/结论】研究发现:我国植物新品种结构趋于完善,但结构仍然不合理;农业科技创新能力逐渐加强,但区域之间发展不平衡;农业科技创新模式存在农业信息系统建设不完善、科研资金投入强度不足、农村劳动力素质不高、创新能力不强等问题。以上这些问题的解决,需要加大政府的引导与投资、科研院校的参与,以及建立完善科研成果的评估机制等。

【Objective/Meaning】The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have deployed to further promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side,emphasizing the agricultural efficiency.And the agricultural efficiency could not be improved without the scientific and technological innovation and the institutional innovation.【Methods/Procedures】By using the research methods such as the comparative analysis,and by analyzing the indexes which could better represent the degree of agricultural scientific and technological innovation including the intensity of R&D input in the hilly areas of southeast China and the amount of application for authorization of new plant variety right,the research was carried out on the innovation mode of the overall agricultural science and technology in China.【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that the structure of new plant varieties in China tended to be perfect,but the structure was still unreasonable.The innovation ability of agricultural science and technology in our country has been gradually strengthened,but the development was unbalanced among the regions.The innovation mode of agricultural science and technology in China had some problems,such as the imperfect construction of agricultural information system,insufficient investment intensity of scientific research capital,poor quality of rural labor force and weak innovation ability.In order to solve these problems,it was necessary to increase the guidance and investment of the government,increase the participation of scientific research institutions,and establish and improve the evaluation mechanism of scientific research results.