全球海运视域下海南港口与城市关系发展定位研究

Development Orientation of the Relationship between Hainan Port and City from the Perspective of Global Maritime

港口城市具有港口与城市的双重属性特征,港口与城市的关系贯穿于港口城市发展的演化进程。基于修正后的RCI指数,将港口货物吞吐量与集装箱吞吐量作为港口规模的参考指标,将地区生产总值与城市人口数量作为城市规模的参考指标,选取2001—2020年海口港、洋浦港、八所港以及三亚港的数据作为分析基础,研究不同时期的海南港口与城市规模关系特征,发现海南港口与城市发展具有显著的多样性与差异性。围绕海南“四方五港”战略布局,海口港可发展成为具有典型港口城市关系类型的全国性综合港口,洋浦港可发展成为具有门户城市关系类型的国际集装箱枢纽港,八所港可延续其自身优势与特点继续作为具有临海城市关系类型的地区性重要港口,三亚港在加强集装箱运输业务的基础上也可发展成为具有临海城市关系类型的地区性重要港口。

The port city has the dual attribute characteristics of port and city,and the relationship between port and city runs through the evolution process of port city development.Based on the revised RCI index,the port cargo throughput and container throughput are taken as the reference indicators of the port size,the regional gross product and the number of urban population are taken as the reference indicators of the city size,and the data of Haikou Port,Yangpu Port,Basuo Port and Sanya Port from 2001 to 2020 are selected as the analysis basis to study the characteristics of the relationship between Hainan port and the city size in different periods.It is found that the development of Hainan ports and cities has significant diversity and difference.Centering on Hainan’s strategic layout of"four directions and five ports",Haikou Port can develop into a national comprehensive port with typical port city relationship type,Yangpu Port can develop into an international container hub port with portal city relationship type,Basuo Port can continue their own advantages and characteristics,continue to be important regional ports with coastal city,and Sanya Port,on the basis of strengthening container transport business.It can also develop into an important regional port with coastal characteristics city.