英文动画电影字幕翻译的制约因素与翻译策略

Strategies for Translating Subtitles of English Animations

电影字幕翻译普遍受到时空有限性和影片类型的制约。时空限制是字幕翻译区别于其他翻译活动的最突出特征。影片类型之于电影字幕翻译,恰如文本类型之于传统笔译。如何在有限时空内再现幽默诙谐的语体风格,是字幕译者面临的最大困难。在双重制约的背景下,适当使用归化策略更符合动画电影字幕翻译的实际;合理运用改写策略有助于实现对白的交际意图和语用效果;借助影片的声画效果,巧妙利用补偿策略可以减轻目的语观众的认知负荷。

Translating film subtitles is universally restricted by two aspects:the limitations of time and space and the film genre.Time and space restrictions are the most prominent features differentiating subtitles translation from other translation activities.The relationship between film genre and subtitles translation is the same as text type in traditional translation.Reproducing the humorous register within the limited time and space is the most prominent difficulty that subtitle-translators are confronted with.Due to the double constraints,it is more practical to properly adopt domestication strategy in subtitling animations;it is helpful to appropriately apply rewriting strategy in the achievement of communicative intensions and pragmatic effects of dialogues in the films;and it is favorable to skillfully employ compensation strategy with the help of the film’s audio and visual effects,thereby relieving the cognitive load of target audiences.