车用质子交换膜燃料电池水分布分析

Analysis of Water Distribution in Vehicle Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

对车用质子交换膜燃料电池进行水管理能够提高电池的性能,对于氢燃料电池车的推广具有重要意义。了解质子交换膜燃料电池中水浓度分布的规律是对电池进行水管理的基础,文章对电池工作温度及放电电压对水浓度分布的影响进行了探究,首先依托COMSOL Multiphysics搭建直流道质子交换膜燃料电池单体模型;其次分别改变单体电池模型的工作温度以及放电电压,对模型进行仿真计算,得到不同电池工作温度及放电电压下电池中水分布的规律。结果表明,随着温度的升高,质子交换膜表面的含水量下降;放电电压升高时,质子交换膜表面的水含量大幅下降。在实际应用中,应在适宜范围内尽量提高电池的工作温度,综合考虑电池性能问题,采用较低的工作电压,这有利于保持电池内部的水平衡。

Water management for vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell can improve the performance of the battery,which is of great significance for the promotion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.Understanding the law of water concentration distribution in proton exchange membrane fuel cell is the basis for water management of the cell,the influence of the battery operating temperature and discharge voltage on the water concentration distribution is explored in this paper,firstly,the single model of direct current proton exchange membrane fuel cell is built based on COMSOL Multiphysics;secondly,the operating temperature and discharge voltage of the single cell model are changed respectively,and the model is calculated by simulation to obtain the law of water distribution in the battery under the operating temperature and discharge voltage of different batteries.The results show that with the increase of temperature,the water content decreases;when the discharge voltage increases,the water content decreases greatly.In practical applications,the operating temperature of the battery should be increased as much as possible within an appropriate range,and a lower working voltage should be used comprehensively considering the battery performance,which is conducive to maintaining the water balance inside the battery.