海藻渣对西瓜枯萎病的防治效果及对幼苗生长和生理特性的影响

Eftects of seaweed residue on watermelon Fusarium wilt,seedling growth and physiological characteristics

为明确海藻渣对西瓜枯萎病的防治效果及对西瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响,采用盆栽法,设置T1(施用1%海藻渣)、T2(施用2%海藻渣)、T3(施用3%海藻渣)、T4(施用4%海藻渣)、T5(施用5%海藻渣)、CK(不施用海藻渣)共6个处理,研究不同用量海藻渣对西瓜枯萎病的防治效果及对西瓜幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,施用海藻渣处理的西瓜枯萎病病情指数均显著降低、防治效果均升高,幼苗叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)值均提高,幼苗株高、茎粗、根长、鲜质量和干质量均显著增加,幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性均显著提高,水杨酸(SA)、茉莉酸(JA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量显著增加,且均以处理T4的效果更佳。综上所述,不同用量海藻渣均对西瓜枯萎病具有良好的防治效果,可以提高西瓜光合作用能力,促进西瓜幼苗的生长,提高西瓜幼苗叶片的抗氧化酶活性和生长类激素含量,且以施用4%海藻渣的效果最好。

In order to clarify the effects of seaweed residue on watermelon Fusarium wilt,growth and physiological characteristics of watermelon seedlings,pot cultivation experiment was conducted with treatments of T1(1%seaweed residue),T2(2%seaweed residue),T3(3%seaweed residue),T4(4%seaweed residue),T5(5%seaweed residue),CK(0%seaweed residue).The results showed that compared with CK,the disease index of Fusarium wilt in treatment with seaweed residue were significantly reduced,and the control effect were increased.Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr and SPAD value in leaves were increased,plant height,stem diameter,root length,fresh weight and dry weight all increased significantly.The activities of SOD,POD,CAT and PAL in leaves were significantly increased,and the contents of SA,JA and IAA were significantly increased.Treatment T4 was better than others.Therefore,seaweed residues had good control effects on watermelon Fusarium wilt,improved the photosynthesis ability,promoted the growth,improved the antioxidant enzyme activity and growth hormone content of watermelon seedling leaves.