在沪跨国公司的语言管理策略及影响因素

Language Management Strategies and Influencing Factors of Multinational Corporations in Shanghai

从管理学角度看,跨国企业在全球化进程中形成了3种核心战略:全球型、多中心型、混合型。本文从在沪跨国公司地区总部中选择母国语言文化差异显著、分属不同行业且分别代表上述3种类型的三家跨国公司——丹麦公司、日本公司和德国公司,以语言管理理论为基础构建分析框架,从组织和个体层面对其进行语言管理策略分析,探索国际化战略、母国语言文化、员工语言能力等多个因素对语言管理策略产生的影响。研究发现,跨国公司语言管理具有多层级多主体的特点,分支管理层面和员工个体层面共同形成了以效率和客户为导向的模糊化语言管理策略,并在多重因素作用下呈现出动态性和复杂性。同时,跨国公司语言管理还应关注个体语言管理对于跨国公司作为多语社区所产生的调和与排斥作用。

Management studies show that the core strategies developed by Multinational Corporations(MNCs)in the process of globalization can be divided up into three types:global,polycentric,and hybrid.Focusing on three cases(Danish company,Japanese company,and German company)from the regional headquarters of MNCs based in Shanghai and representing three strategy types,this paper analyzes their language management issues on the organizational and individual levels.Language Management Theory is taken as the theoretical perspective to explore the impact of various contributing factors on their language management.It is found that multilayered agents in MNCs jointly form an efficient and customer-oriented fuzzy language management model,which is dynamic and complex under the influence of multiple factors such as globalization strategy,language culture in home countries,and staff language competence on language management strategies.The study suggests that the reconciliation and exclusion effect of individual language management should be highly valued in the community of MNCs.