文化转译视角下东京都大名庭园内富士见景观的空间构成研究

Study on the Spatial Composition of Fujimi Landscape in Tokyo Daimyo Garden Based on Cultural Translation

富士见文化以眺望富士山作为主要表现形式,影响江户幕府及大名氏族在庭园内创造了空间特征与精神信仰相融合的富士见景观。借助田野调查、古籍舆图、历史文献等,探究影响大名庭园富士见景观的发展背景。结合文化转译视角,对东京都区部及其周边的7个大名庭园内11处富士见景观的基本信息和谱系脉络进行整理,依据眺望类型、总体布局、建造形式、植物景观、功能属性等五个空间构成要素,转译形成同形转译、同意转译、形意转译等三种空间构成特征。补充了大名庭园眺望景观与借景富士山之间研究的缺憾,对相关保护与修复工作的开展以及我国古典园林中扎根文化传统的借景研究提供了启示与借鉴。

Fujimi culture takes overlooking Mount Fuji as the main form of expression,which has influenced the Edo Shogunate and the daimyo to create Fujimi landscape in the garden that combines spatial features and spiritual beliefs.With the help of field trip,ancient books and maps,this paper explores the development background of Fujimi landscape in daimyo garden.Combining the perspective of cultural translation,summarize the basic information and pedigree of eleven Fujimi landscapes in seven daimyo gardens in the Special Wards of Tokyo and Matsudo.According to the five spatial components of types of vista view landscape,the overall layout,forms of construction,plants landscape and functions,the Fujimi landscape is translated to three features of spatial composition:translation of form,translation of meaning and translation of form and meaning.This paper supplements the shortcomings in the study between the overlooking landscape of the daimyo garden and the borrowed scenery of Mount Fuji,and provides enlightenment and reference for the development of related protection and restoration work and the study of borrowed scenery based on cultural traditions in Chinese classical gardens.