执行功能的理论研究与在地实践之落差——以自闭症核心症状为例

Distinctions between Theoretics and Practice in Executive Functioning——A Case Study of Infantile Autism

执行功能的理论研究与实践环节的衔接存在一定的落差。从自闭症(ASD)的核心症状出发,建构执行功能的四象限模型,通过元分析的方法,收集了执行功能研究工具的现状,评价这些工具的使用现状和存在问题。结果发现神经心理测验和心智理论测验由于较高的使用成本,并不适合教育现场的使用,而行为评估量表和同理心量表虽然适合应用于学校场景中,但目前只是停留在研究层面,距离推广和使用仍有一定的距离。因此,应编制一份符合当前国情和时代特征的行为评估量表,为执行功能的理论落地提供基础。

There are distinctions between theoretical research and practice aspects of executive functioning. From the viewpoint of the core symptoms of autism, a four-quadrant model of executive functioning was developed. The current status of executive functioning research tools were collected through the element analysis method, and the “accessibility” and “supportiveness” of these tools in educational practice were evaluated. The results showed that neuropsychological tests and mindfulness tests are not suitable in educational practice since the cost are higher. Although the behavior rating scale and empathy scale are practical in education scenes, it remains at the research level until now. There is still a certain distance between promotion and use. there are still some differences between being disseminated and used. Therefore, developing a behavioral assessment scale that fits the current national context and the characteristics of the times is an effective way for the theoretical implementation of executive functions.