苹果新品种王林1号的选育

Breeding report of a new apple cultivar Wanglin 1

王林1号是从王林苹果中选育出来的芽变新品种。果实椭圆形或卵圆形,果面光滑,采收时果面绿色,贮藏后转为黄绿色,颜色独特,色正,无需套袋,有蜡质,果锈、果薄粉,果点大而稀,外观较好,果肉松脆,多汁,风味甜,有香气;平均单果质量250 g,最大单果质量可达360 g。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)21.1%,可溶性糖含量9.16%,抗坏血酸含量0.053 g·kg^(-1),总酸含量4.46 g·kg^(-1),品质上等。果实发育期185~195 d,新疆南疆地区10月中下旬成熟;植株树势强,萌芽力和成枝力强。该品种抗寒性强,耐瘠薄,抗病性强,抗风性强。果实较耐贮藏,可贮至第2年4—5月。王林1号在新疆南疆苹果适宜栽培区均可种植,嫁接苗第2年开始少量开花结果,第4年进入丰产期,丰产性强、稳定。

Wanglin 1 is a mid and late maturing apple cultivar with strong resistance, high yield and delicious fruits. It is an excellent sport cultivar of Orin Apple. It was found in 2014 in the apple orchard of Aksu Aijiang Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Regional tests have been carried out in three regions in Southern Xinjiang(Aksu city, Shaya county and Jiamu experimental station)for seven years. The biological characteristics of this sport were stable according to the results of continuous research and observation. Finally, it passed the provincial examination and approval of improved cultivar in 2021. Compared with Orin, it is more wind resistant, cold resistant and productive. It has strong tree vigor, upright tree posture, strong bud burst and branching ability, more medium and long branches, and harder branches. The perennial branches are grayish brown, and 1-year-old branches are dark brown, with obviously dense, large and protruding lenticels. The leaves are large, oval, clasped with hairs on the back. The fruit is oval or ovate, with a longitudinal diameter of about 7.5 cm and a transverse diameter of about 8.6 cm. The average single fruit weight is 250 g, and the maximum single fruit weight is 360 g. The fruit surface is smooth, the fruit surface is green when harvested, and turns to yellow green after storage. The fruit color is unique and positive without bagging. The pulp color is green yellow. The flesh is crispy, juicy, sweet, and aromatic. The content of soluble solids is 21.1%, the content of soluble sugar is 9.16%, the content of ascorbic acid is 0.053 g · kg^(-1), and the total acid content is 4.46 g·kg^(-1). The fruit development period is 185-195 d, and it ripens in the middle and late October in Southern Xinjiang. The fruit is relatively resistant to storage diseases and can be stored until April to May of the next year. It can be planted in suitable cultivation areas in Southern Xinjiang. The trees can bear fruits in the second year and enter the high-yield period in the fourth year after planting. Tengmu 1is recommended as pollination cultivar. The spacing of cultivation is 2 m×4 m.