山东省淡水池塘养殖尾水现状调查与分析

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF FRESHWATER POND AQUACULTURE WASTEWATER IN SHANDONG

为了详细了解和掌握山东省内淡水池塘养殖尾水水质状况,对省内池塘养殖相对集中的沿黄、沿湖和采矿塌陷区域的鱼类池塘养殖水体进行了调查监测.结果表明:山东省主要淡水养殖区养殖水体的pH、DO基本符合渔业水质标准.在调查的鱼类池塘养殖尾水中,79.17%监测点位的总氮含量及58.33%监测点位的总磷含量超出了地表水环境质量标准的Ⅲ类水质标准,不同区域养殖池塘水体的氮磷比例存在一定差异,其中沿黄养殖池塘水体主要为氮限制,沿湖的养殖池塘水体氮限制与磷限制数量相当,而采矿塌陷区养殖池塘水体主要为磷限制.基于产业绿色可持续发展需要,宜根据生产实际和经济成本,优化构建具有区域特色的养殖尾水生态治理模式.

To reveal the quality of freshwater pond aquaculture wastewater in Shandong,the water of fish culture ponds along the Yellow River,ponds around Nansi Lake,and Dongping Lake,and ponds in coal mining subsidence area was sampled and detected.The pH value and DO concentration of most freshwater fish culture ponds basically reached the relevant fishery standard.On the basis of the“Environmental quality standard for surface water”,as for the TN concentration,79.17%ponds were below the Class III standard,whereas the TP concentrations,58.33%ponds were below the Class III standard.There were some differences among the N∶P ratio of aquaculture ponds of different regions,as most of the aquaculture ponds along the Yellow River showed N limitation,and 50%of the ponds showed N limitation and 50%of them showed P limitation around Nansi Lake and Dongping Lake,while most of the ponds in coal mining subsidence area showed P limitation.To fulfill the requirement of green development of freshwater pond aquaculture of Shandong,new ecological purification model of aquaculture waster with regional characteristics should be constructed.