宁夏石嘴山地区富硒土壤及其利用前景

A preliminary study of Se-rich soil in the Shizuishan area,Ningxia and its potential for application

通过对宁夏石嘴山地区8835件土壤样品及240套农作物—根系土样品Se分布及其相关调查数据的统计分析,总结了当地富硒土壤的元素地球化学特征,探讨了其开发利用前景及相关问题。结果表明:①圈定的富硒土地总面积约705 km^(2)(根据宁夏地方标准,土壤Se含量≥0.222×10^(-6)为富硒土壤),土壤Se平均含量与全国平均值相当,而土壤有效Se含量相对较高,在土壤全Se中占比5%左右;②富硒土壤pH大于7.5,有机质含量小于10.26%,无重金属污染,Se与有机质、B、Mn、Mo、Cu、Zn呈显著正相关性,与pH呈负相关性;③土壤有效Se与全Se的相关系数为0.39,与有机质、阳离子交换量、N的相关系数为0.33~0.5;④富硒土壤中抽检到富硒小麦等10类富硒农产品,其中小麦吸收土壤Se的能力最强,平均生物富集系数为0.174;⑤本区特有的富硒土壤资源具有极高开发利用价值,应加强特色富硒作物(小麦、稻米、枸杞、葡萄等)的研发力度及相关富硒标准的研制,通过综合研究、科学规划以促进当地富硒土地资源的合理开发利用。

Based on the statistical analysis of the Se distribution in 8,835 soil samples and 240 sets of crop-root soil samples,as well as related survey data in the Shizuishan area of Ningxia,this study summarized the element geochemical characteristics of the local Se-rich soil and explored the development and utilization prospects of the soil and related issues.The study results are as follows.①The newly delineated Se-rich land(soil with Se content of≥0.222×10^(-6);local standard of Ningxia)covers a total area of more than 705 km^(2),the average content of soil Se is equivalent to the national average,while the content of soil available Se is relatively high,and the effective Se content is mostly over 5%of Se in the soil;②The Se-rich soil has pH of greater than 7.5 and organic matter content of less than 10.26%,without heavy metal pollution.There are significant positive correlations between the Se content and the contents of organic matter,B,Mn,Mo,Cu,and Zn and a negative correlation between the Se content and pH;③The correlation coefficient between effective Se and Se in the soil is r=0.39,and those between effective Se and OM,CEC,and N are 0.33 to 0.5;④Among the 10 types of Se-rich agricultural products(i.e.,Se-rich wheat)obtained in Se-enrich soil through spot check,the wheat has been proven to have the strongest capacity to absorb Se,with an average bioconcentration coefficient of 0.174;⑤Since the unique Se-rich soil resources in this area is of great value in development and utilization,it is necessary to strengthen the R&D of characteristic Se-rich crops(i.e.,wheat,rice,wolfberry,and grape)and the development of relevant Se-rich standards through scientific research and reasonable planning.