玉米抗瘤黑粉病生理生化特性及基因表达分析

Analysis of Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics and Gene Expression of Maize Resistance to Common Smut

采用盆栽试验,以玉米高抗瘤黑粉病自交系齐319和高感自交系掖478为材料,采用注射法接种瘤黑粉菌,从生理生化及防御酶和相关抗病基因转录表达等方面,分析不同抗性玉米种质对瘤黑粉病的抗病特征。结果表明,接种后,2个自交系的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性增强,可溶性糖和脯氨酸(Pro)含量增加,而可溶性糖(SS)含量降低。利用RT-PCR对SOD、PAL、PR-l、PR-2a、COI1和LOX基因的相对表达量分析表明,接种瘤黑粉病菌后,不同抗性材料中抗病相关基因的转录水平均显著提高,抗病材料中的表达时间基本均早于感病材料,基因的转录水平均随着接种时间的增加而上升。在接菌后期,感病材料中防御酶基因和抗病相关基因的表达量大于抗病材料。

The inbred lines Qi319 with high resistance to smut and Ye 478 with low resistance to smut were used as materials in a potted experiment.Maize seedlings were inoculated with smut by injection method.The resis⁃tance characteristics of different resistant maize germplasm to smut were analyzed from the aspects of physiology and biochemistry,defense enzymes and transcription and expression of related resistance genes.The results showed that after inoculation,the PAL,SOD and PPO activities of the two inbred lines increased.The contents of protein and Pro increased,while SS content decreased.RT-PCR was used to analyze the relative expression levels of SOD,PAL,PR-L,PR-2A,COI1 and LOX genes.The results showed that after inoculation,the transcription levels of dis⁃ease resistance related genes in different resistant materials were significantly improved,the expression time in dis⁃ease resistant materials was basically earlier than that in susceptible materials,and the transcription levels of genes increased with the increase of inoculation time.At the later stage of inoculation,the expression levels of defense en⁃zyme genes and disease-resistant genes in susceptible materials were higher than those in disease resistant materi⁃als.