辣木仁中多糖的提取与表征

Extraction and Characterization of Polysaccharides from Moringa Oleifera(Lam)Nut

目的:提高辣木仁中多糖的提取速率和提取率。方法:鉴于辣木仁中油脂含量很高,在提取之前,先采用石油醚回流法对辣木仁粉进行脱脂。采用内部沸腾法从脱脂后的辣木仁中提取多糖。通过单因素和正交实验,研究并优化了辣木仁多糖的提取条件。辣木仁中提取多糖的最优工艺是用5 mL 20%的乙醇解吸30 min,加入65℃料液比为1:25 g/mL的热水浸提5 min。利用IR、GC-MS对辣木仁粗多糖的结构进行分析和表征。结果:辣木仁粗多糖提取率为18.61%。辣木仁多糖的单糖组成为果胶糖、甘露糖、果糖,对应的摩尔比为6.85:3.33:0.42。结论:内部沸腾法作为一种安全、高效的提取方法,能够为天然产物中有效成分的提取提供参考。

Objective:To improve extraction rate of polysaccharides from Moringa oleifera(Lam)nut.Methods:Due to rich lipid in Moringa oleifera nut,Moringa oleifera nut powder was defatted with reflux in petroleum ether before extraction.The polysaccharides were extracted from Moringa oleifera nut by inner ebullition methods.The extraction conditions of polysaccharides from Moringa oleifera were studied and optimized by single-factor and orthogonal experiments.The optimal extraction process of Moringa oleifera polysaccharide was desorption with 5 mL 20%ethanol for 30 min,followed by extraction with material-liquid ratio of 1:25 distilled water at 65℃for 5 min.The structures of crude polysaccharides of Moringa oleifera were analyzed and characterized by IR and GC-MS.Result:Under these conditions,the extraction rate of crude polysaccharide from Moringa oleifera was 18.61%.Polysaccharides are made from arabinose,mannose and fructose with ratio of them 6.85:3.33:0.42,respectively.Conclusion:Inner ebullition methods are a safe and effective extraction method,can provide some reference for extraction of active component from natural product.