‘中山含笑’与台湾含笑母树及其无明显表型变异子代的抗寒性分析

Analysis on cold resistance of Michelia‘Zhongshanhanxiao’and mother tree of M.compressa and its progeny without obvious phenotypic variation

通过比较自然越冬下‘中山含笑’(Michelia‘Zhongshanhanxiao’)与台湾含笑〔Michelia compressa(Maxim.)Sarg.〕母树及其无明显表型变异子代的冻害表现、生理指标变化和叶片解剖结构特征,对3种供试植物的抗寒性进行了综合评价。结果显示:自然越冬期间(2021年12月1日至2022年2月25日)3种供试植物均出现了一定程度的冻害,其中,台湾含笑无明显表型变异子代受冻程度最重,台湾含笑母树次之,‘中山含笑’受冻程度最轻。自然越冬期间,随着时间的推移3种供试植物叶片的可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、脯氨酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量总体呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中,‘中山含笑’叶片可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、脯氨酸含量及超氧化物歧化酶活性的峰值均最高,台湾含笑无明显表型变异子代叶片丙二醛含量的峰值最高。3种供试植物间的9个叶片解剖结构指标均存在显著差异,其中,‘中山含笑’叶片的细胞结构紧密度和栅栏组织厚度均显著大于台湾含笑母树及其无明显表型变异子代;9个叶片解剖结构指标通过聚类分析可分为3类;通过相关性分析和相关指数计算选出细胞结构紧密度、栅栏组织厚度和叶片厚度作为3个典型指标。隶属函数分析结果显示:在基于5个生理指标和3个叶片典型解剖结构指标的综合评价中,‘中山含笑’的平均隶属函数值均最大,台湾含笑无明显表型变异子代均最小。综合分析认为,‘中山含笑’的抗寒性最强,台湾含笑母树次之,台湾含笑无明显表型变异子代最弱。

By comparing the manifestation of freezing damage,changes of physiological indexes,and leaf anatomical structure characteristics of Michelia‘Zhongshanhanxiao’and mother tree of M.compressa(Maxim.)Sarg.and its progeny without obvious phenotypic variation under natural overwintering condition,the cold resistance of three test plants were comprehensively evaluated.The results show that during the natural overwintering period(from December 1,2021 to February 25,2022),three test plants all have a certain degree of freezing damage,in which,the freezing damage degree of the progeny without obvious phenotypic variation of M.compressa is the highest,followed by the mother tree of M.Compressa,and that of M.‘Zhongshanhanxiao’is the lowest.During the natural overwintering period,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,proline content,superoxide dismutase activity,and malondialdehyde content in leaves of three test plants generally show a tendency to first increase and then decrease over time,in which,the peak values of soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,proline content,and superoxide dismutase activity in leaves of M.‘Zhongshanhanxiao’are the highest,while that of malondialdehyde content in leaves of the progeny without obvious phenotypic variation of M.compressa is the highest.There are significant differences in nine anatomical structure indexes of leaves among three test plants,in which,the cell tense ratio and palisade parenchyma thickness of leaves of M.‘Zhongshanhanxiao’are significantly greater than those of the mother tree of M.compressa and its progeny without obvious phenotypic variation;the nine anatomical structure indexes of leaves can be divided into three categories by using cluster analysis;cell tense ratio,palisade parenchyma thickness,and leaf thickness can be selected as three typical indexes by using correlation analysis and correlation index calculation.The subordinate function analysis result shows that in the comprehensive evaluation based on five physiological indexes and three typical leaf anatomical structure indexes,the averages of subordinate function values of M.‘Zhongshanhanxiao’are the largest,while those of the progeny without obvious phenotypic variation of M.compressa are the smallest.The comprehensive analysis shows that the cold resistance of M.‘Zhongshanhanxiao’is the strongest,followed by the mother tree of M.compressa,and that of progeny without obvious phenotypic variation of M.compressa is the weakest.