基于人体热舒适性评估的直升机空调通风系统优化设计

Optimization Design of Helicopter Air Conditioning Ventilation System Based on Human Thermal Comfort Evaluation

直升机座舱空间狭小、乘员密集并且热载荷大,需要引入新鲜制冷空气以满足多乘员热舒适性要求。因此,优化设计座舱空调通风系统具有重要意义。针对典型直升机座舱布局,建立了舱室和乘员三维模型。定义乘员周围温度、温度偏离、乘员周围速度、PMV和空气龄作为热舒适性评估指标;设计并计算3种不同空调通风系统布局方案,通过对热舒适性评估指标的综合比较分析,选定最优布局方案;在此基础上,采用多目标遗传算法,定义以PMV和空气龄为基础的双目标函数,对空调送风口位置参数开展仿真优化。通过分析结果数据和帕累托前沿,确定最优空调送风口位置参数,完成座舱空调通风系统最优设计。最后对仿真优化结果进行了试验研究,验证了仿真计算的准确性和有效性。

Aimed at the problems that helicopter cockpit is narrow in space,passengers are high at density of population and thermal load is heavy,and multiple passengers are thirsty for introducing a fresh cooling air of thermal comfort,an optimization design of air conditioning and ventilation system for cabin is proposed.In view of the typical helicopter cockpit layout,a three-dimensional model of cabin and crew is built.Defining the occupant ambient temperature,temperature deviation,occupant ambient speed,PMV(predicted mean vote)and air age as thermal comfort evaluation indicators,three different layout schemes of air conditioning and ventilation systems are designed and calculated,and the optimal layout scheme is selected through the comprehensive comparative analysis of thermal comfort evaluation indicators.On the basis of the optimal layout scheme,the multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to define the double objective function based on PMV and air age,and the simulation optimization of the location parameters of the air supply outlet of the air conditioner is carried out.Through the analysis of the result data and Pareto front,the optimal location parameters of the air supply outlet of the air conditioner are determined,and the optimal design of the cabin air conditioning and ventilation system is completed.And the accuracy and effectiveness of simulation are verified.