无偿献血者不良反应调查现状及Logistic回归分析

Investigation Status and Logistic Regression Analysis of Adverse Reactions Among Voluntary Blood Donors

目的探究无偿献血者不良反应发生情况及相关影响因素。方法回顾性分析2018年2月—2021年6月12476例无偿献血者的一般资料。统计无偿献血者不良反应发生情况,并收集无偿献血者基线资料,包括性别、年龄、身体质量指数、婚姻状况、献血量、是否为空腹献血、献血者精神情况、穿刺是否顺利,分析无偿献血者不良反应发生的相关影响因素。结果12476例献血者中出现不良反应共874例,发生率为7.01%,其中轻度不良反应764例(87.41%),中度不良反应105例(12.01%),重度不良反应5例(0.57%);单因素分析显示,年龄18~29岁、空腹献血、献血者精神异常、穿刺不顺利与无偿献血者发生不良反应有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别、婚姻状况、献血量与无偿献血者发生不良反应无关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,年龄18~29岁(β=0.277,OR=1.319,95%CI=1.134~1.534)、空腹献血(β=0.537,OR=0.585,95%CI=0.508~0.673)、献血者精神异常(β=0.362,OR=0.697,95%CI=0.607~0.800)、穿刺不顺利(β=1.035,OR=0.355,95%CI=0.309~0.408)是导致无偿献血者发生不良反应的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论诱发无偿献血者发生不良反应因素较多,多发生于年轻献血者,为了降低无偿献血者不良反应发生率,需加强对无偿献血相关知识的宣教,同时提高采血人员的技术水平,以降低不良反应发生风险。

Objective To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions and related influencing factors in voluntary blood donors.Methods The general data of 12476 unpaid blood donors from February 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The occurrence of adverse reactions of voluntary blood donors was counted,and the baseline data of voluntary blood donors were collected,including gender,age,body mass index,marital status,blood donation,whether it was fasting blood donation,the mental condition of the blood donors,and whether the puncture was successful,and analyzed the incidence of adverse reactions of voluntary blood donors.related influencing factors.Results A total of 874 cases of adverse reactions occurred in 12476blood donors,with an incidence rate of 7.01%,including 764cases(87.41%)of mild adverse reactions,105 cases(12.01%)of moderate adverse reactions,and 5 cases(0.57%)of severe adverse reactions.Univariate analysis showed that:age 18-29 years old,fasting blood donation,blood donor mental abnormality,and unsmooth puncture were associated with adverse reactions in unpaid blood donors,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);gender,marital status,blood donation volume It was not associated with adverse reactions in voluntary blood donors,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age 18-29 years old(β=0.277,OR=1.319,95%CI=1.134-1.534),fasting blood donation(β=0.537,OR=0.585,95%CI=0.508-0.673),mental disorder of blood donors(β=0.362,OR=0.697,95%CI=0.607-0.800),puncture failure(β=1.035,OR=0.355,95%CI=0.309-0.408)was an independent risk factor for adverse reactions in unpaid blood donors(P<0.05).Conclusion There are many factors that induce adverse reactions in voluntary blood donors,and most of them occur in young blood donors.In order to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in voluntary blood donors,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of voluntary blood donation related knowledge,and at the same time improve the technical level of blood collection personnel to reduce adverse reactions Risk occurs.