动脉粥样硬化性冠心病术后心肺功能锻炼中应用个体化健康教育的效果

Effects of individualized health education on cardiopulmonary function and self-efficacy in cardiopulmonary exercise after atherosclerotic coronary heart disease

目的分析在动脉粥样硬化性冠心病术后心肺功能锻炼中应用个体化健康教育对心肺功能及自我效能的影响。方法回顾性选取实施手术治疗的87例动脉粥样硬化性冠心病患者,依照干预方法不同分为对照组和干预组。对照组实施常规健康教育,干预组在对照组基础上实施个体化健康教育模式。比较两组干预前的一般资料,干预前后的疾病认知情况、心肺功能、自我效能,并比较两组的功能锻炼依从性。结果干预组干预后的疾病感知问卷(BIPQ)评分高于对照组[(65.87±4.32)分vs.(51.30±4.37)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预组的功能锻炼依从率高于对照组[93.18%vs.76.74%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组干预后的峰值摄氧量、峰值通气量、峰值功率和每搏输出量均高于对照组[(96.33±8.85)W vs.(85.33±8.41)W、(1250.36±85.36)mL/min vs.(1105.37±88.50)mL/min、(45.33±6.55)I/min vs.(32.41±5.74)I/min、(95.35±12.35)mL vs.(84.36±13.25)mL],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预组干预后的一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)评分高于对照组[(3.50±0.56)分vs.(2.45±0.45)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论在动脉粥样硬化性冠心病术后患者心肺功能锻炼中实施个体化健康教育可提高患者的疾病认知水平、功能锻炼依从性,改善心肺功能及自我效能。

Objective To analyze the effects of individualized health education on cardiopulmonary function and self-function in cardiopulmonary function exercise after operation of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease.Methods Eighty-seven patients with atherosclerotic coronary heart disease who received surgical treatment were retrospectively selected and divided into the control group and the intervention group according to different intervention methods.The control group implemented routine health education,and the intervention group implemented an individualized health education model based on the control group.The general data before intervention,disease cognition,cardiopulmonary function and self-efficacy before and after intervention were compared between the two groups,so was and the compliance of functional exercise between the two groups.Results The brief illness perception questionnaire(BIPQ)score of the intervention group after intervention was significantly higher than the control group(65.87±4.32 vs.51.30±4.37,P<0.001).The functional exercise compliance rate of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group(93.18%vs.76.74%,P<0.05).The peak oxygen uptake,peak ventilation,peak power,and per stroke output of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group[(96.33±8.85)W vs.(85.33±8.41)W,(1250.36±85.36)mL/min vs.(1105.37±88.50)mL/min,(45.33±6.55)I/min vs.(32.41±5.74)I/min,(95.35±12.35)mL vs.(84.36±13.25)mL,respectively,P<0.001].The general self-efficacy scale(GSES)score of the intervention group after intervention was significantly higher than that of the control group[(3.50±0.56)points vs.(2.45±0.45)points,P<0.001].Conclusion The individualized health education in cardiopulmonary function exercise of patients with atherosclerotic coronary heart disease can improve patients′disease awareness,functional exercise compliance,cardiopulmonary function and self-efficacy.