老年危重患者术后谵妄的预防研究

Research on Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Critically Ill Patients

老年危重患者术后谵妄是导致其死亡率增加、认知功能障碍、康复进程延长的主要原因。目前临床上并未明确指出老年危重患者术后谵妄发病原因,大多认为与患者自身神经系统炎症、神经细胞老化等有关。了解术后谵妄的病理机制和危险因素,并采取针对性预防措施,对于老年危重患者有重要意义。文章就老年危重患者术后谵妄相关内容进行综述,旨在为临床有效预防术后谵妄提供参考依据。

For elderly critically ill patients,postoperative delirium is the main cause for the increased fatality rate,cognitive dysfunction,and prolonged rehabilitation process.At present,the causes for postoperative delirium in elderly critically ill patients are not clearly specified in clinical practice,and the dominant opinion is that it is associated with the patient’s nervous system inflammation,nerve cell senescence and so on.Understanding pathological mechanism and risk factors of postoperative delirium,and taking corresponding prevention measures are of great significance for the elderly critically ill patients.In this paper,the related contents with postoperative delirium in the elderly critically ill patients are reviewed to provide reference basis for clinical effective prevention of postoperative delirium.