超声检查胎儿胸腺在胎儿宫内生长迟缓中与染色体相关性研究

Correlation Between Intrauterine Growth Retardation of Fetus by Ultrasound Examination and Chromosome

目的:研究超声检查胎儿胸腺在胎儿宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)中与染色体的相关性。方法:选取2020年7月-2021年7月昆明市妇幼保健院收治的50例IUGR孕妇作为研究组,并抽取50例胎儿宫内生长发育正常的孕妇作为对照组。观察两组胎儿的胸腺体积、胸腺横径、前后径、T-T值,IUGR与染色体的相关性。结果:两组胸腺体积均随孕周增加而增大,研究组胎儿的胸腺体积小于同孕周对照组胎儿,研究组平均值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胎儿胸腺横径、前后径均随孕周增加而增大,相同孕周研究组的胸腺横径、前后径均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组T-T值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。IUGR与染色体异常之间呈正相关,IUGR发生率越高,染色体异常情况越多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:超声检查胎儿胸腺具有重要意义,胎儿在母体生长迟缓,使得胸腺体积、前后径和横径均更加缓慢,T-T值也相对减小,与染色体异常存在较大的关系,需要进一步对胎儿进行检查。

Objective:To study the correlation between intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR) of fetus by ultrasound examination and chromosome.Methods:Fifty pregnant women with IUGR who were treated in Kunming City Maternal and Child Health Hospital between July 2020 and July 2021 were selected as the study group,and 50 pregnant women with normal fetal intrauterine growth and development were selected as the control group.The thymus volume,the transverse diameter and anterior and posterior diameter of the thymus,T-T value,correlation between IUGR and chromosome were observed in two groups.Results:The thymus volume in two groups increased with the prolonging gestational weeks,the thymus volume of the fetuses in the study group was lower than that in the control group in the same gestational week,and the mean value in the study group was lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The transverse diameter and anterior and posterior diameter of the fetal thymus increased with the prolonging gestational weeks,and the transverse diameter and anterior and posterior diameter of the thymus in the study group were smaller than those in the control group in the same gestational week,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The T-T value in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.000).There was a positive correlation between IUGR and chromosomal abnormalities,and the higher incidence of IUGR was associated with more chromosomal abnormalities,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ultrasound examination of fetal thymus has important significance.The fetal growth retardation may cause a lower thymus volume,a smaller transverse diameter and anterior and posterior diameter,and a lower T-T value,which is closely associated with chromosomal abnormalities,thus requiring further examination of fetuses.