未婚人工流产女性青年生殖健康状况及避孕知识调查

Investigation on Reproductive Health Status and Contraceptive Knowledge of Unmarried Young Women with Induced Abortion

目的:了解未婚人工流产女性青年生殖健康状况并对避孕知识了解情况进行调查。方法:选取2019年12月-2020年12月在长沙市妇幼保健院计划生育门诊要求进行人工流产的80例未婚女性青年为研究对象。采用问卷的形式,调查研究对象的生殖健康状况和避孕知识了解程度。结果:避孕知识全部答对7例(8.75%),全部答错10例(12.5%)。生殖道感染知识全部答对4例(5.0%),全部答错21例(26.25%)。认为双方相爱在婚前进行性行为有77例(96.25%)。2~3 d清洗外阴1次50例(62.50%),1 d清洗外阴1次20例(25.00%),4~6 d清洗外阴1次6例(7.50%),≥1周清洗外阴1次4例(5.00%)。月经期间未发生性行为61例(76.25%),有时在月经期间发生性行为12例(15.00%),经常在月经期间发生性行为7例(8.75%)。初次经历性行为的年龄为15~23岁,平均(20.2±1.8)岁。<19岁经历初次性行为26例(32.5%),≥19岁经历初次性行为54例(67.5%)。从未使用过避孕药具14例(17.5%);使用过避孕方法66例(82.5%),其中使用避孕套34例(42.50%),紧急避孕药7例(8.75%),采用安全期及体外排精避孕23例(28.75%),采用宫内节育器、皮埋等长效可逆的避孕方法2例(2.50%)。初次性行为时仅有22例(27.5%)采用避孕方法,其余在经历初次性行为时未采用避孕方法。生殖健康及避孕知识的获取途径中占比最高的获取生殖健康及避孕知识的途径为互联网/电视;占比较低的获取生殖健康及避孕知识的途径为社会宣传和专题宣教。结论:当前阶段,对女性青年的生殖教育工作存在一定的不足,为了保护当代女性青年的生命健康安全,应从多角度、多渠道向其提供优质的生殖健康、避孕知识宣传,充分满足女性青年的实际需求。

Objective:To investigate the reproductive health status and contraceptive knowledge of unmarried young women with induced abortion.Methods:A total of 80 unmarried young women who requires undergoing induced abortion in the Family Planning Clinic of Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects.In the form of a questionnaire,the reproductive health status and knowledge of contraception of the subjects were surveyed.Results:7 subjects(8.75%)correctly answered all questions of contraceptive knowledge,and 10 subjects(12.5%)incorrectly answered all questions of contraceptive knowledge.4 subjects(5.0%)correctly answered all questions of reproductive tract infection knowledge,and 21 subjects(26.25%)correctly answered all questions of reproductive tract infection knowledge.77subjects(96.25%)believed that they loved each other and had sexual behavior before marriage.50 subjects(62.50%)cleaned vulva once every 2-3 d,20 subjects(25.00%)cleaned vulva once every day,6 subjects(7.50%)cleaned vulva once every 4-6 d,and 4 subjects(62.50%)cleaned vulva once in≥1 week.61 subjects(76.25%)had no sexual behavior during menstruation,12subjects(15.00%)occasionally had sexual behavior during menstruation,and 7 subjects(8.75%)often had sexual behavior during menstruation.The age of first experiencing sexual behavior was 15-23 years old,with an average of(20.2±1.8)years.26 subjects(32.5%)experienced first sexual behavior at the age of<19 years,and 54 subjects(67.5%)experienced first sexual behavior at the age of≥19 years.14 subjects(17.5%)had never used contraceptives;66 subjects(82.5%)had used contraceptive methods,including 34 subjects(42.50%)using condoms,7 subjects(8.75%)using emergency contraception,23 subjects(28.75%)using safety period and in vitro sperm discharge contraception,and 2 subjects(2.50%)using intrauterine devices,subdermal implant and other long-acting reversible contraceptive methods.Only 22 subjects(27.5%)used contraception during first sexual behavior,and the remaining subjects did not use contraception during first sexual behavior.The highest proportion of access to reproductive health and contraceptive knowledge was the Internet/television;A low proportion of access to reproductive health and contraceptive knowledge was social propaganda and special education.Conclusion:At the present stage,there are certain deficiencies in the reproductive education among young women.In order to protect the life health safety of contemporary young women,high-quality reproductive health and contraceptive knowledge publicity should be provided through multiple angles and multiple channels,so as to fully meet the actual needs of young women.