患者需求为导向的分阶段健康教育对乳腺切除患者健康行为、自护能力的影响

Effect of demand-oriented phased Health Education on Health Behavior and self-care Ability of Patients with Mastectomy

目的探讨患者需求为导向的分阶段健康教育对乳腺切除患者的影响。方法选取南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院2020年1月至2021年1月就诊的86例乳腺癌患者,根据入院顺序分为研究组(N=43)和常规组(N=43)。常规组给予常规健康教育,研究组给予患者需求为导向的分阶段健康教育,比较两组负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、自护能力[自我护理能力测定表(ESCA)]、生活质量[乳腺癌患者生存质量量表(FACT-B)]、肩关节功能、健康行为、并发症发生情况。结果干预后研究组SAS、SDS评分低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后研究组ESCA、FACT-B、肩关节功能评分高于常规组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组健康行为优秀率、良好率[41.86%(18/43)、34.88%(15/43)]高于常规组[20.93%(9/43)、16.28%(7/43)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率[0.00%(0/43)]低于常规组[13.95%(6/43)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论患者需求为导向的分阶段健康教育可减轻乳腺切除患者负性情绪,提升其自护能力,改善肩关节功能,提高患者生活质量,提高健康行为水平,降低并发症发生率。

Objective To explore the effect of demand-oriented phased health education on patients with mastectomy.Methods A total of 86 patients with breast cancer who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College from January 2020 to January 2021 were selected and divided into the study group(N=43)and the routine group(N=43)according to the order of admission.The routine group was given routine health education,and the study group was given patient demandoriented phased health education.Negative emotions[self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)],self-care ability[exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)],quality of life[function assessment of breast cancer therapy(FACT-B)],shoulder joint function,healthy behavior,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the SAS and SDS scores in the study group were significantly lower than those in the routine group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of ESCA,FACT-B and shoulder joint function in the study group were higher than those in the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The excellent rate and good rate of healthy behavior in the study group[41.86%(18/43),34.88%(15/43)]were higher than those in the routine group[20.93%(9/43),16.28%(7/43)],with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the study group[0.00%(0/43)]was lower than that in the routine group[13.95%(6/43)],and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The demand-oriented phased health education can reduce the negative emotion of patients with mastectomy,improve their self-care ability,improve shoulder joint function,improve the quality of life of patients,improve the level of health behavior,and reduce the incidence of complications.