跨区磨合:华北根据地、解放区之间的本币关系

Cross-area Coordination: Currency Exchange between Bases and Liberated Areas in North China

华北各根据地、解放区的“外部”经济关系,并不限于对敌斗争,也在友邻区之间进行。各根据地、解放区所发生的本币关系,集中地反映了战时中共革命经济形态的独特性。不同本币的互相交流,主要表现为异地兑换、异地通汇、边沿区兑换所和“混合市场”、异地流通等四个类型。它们既是先后相继,也常常是同时并存的过程。货币比价及其变动为本币关系的枢纽,有关者既有物价因素,也有地方政府的态度、举措等方面的影响。尽管根据地、解放区本币关系的手段仍是初步的,但皆为未有历史经验可循的创新性实践。

The“external”economic relations in the bases and liberated areas of North China were not limited to struggles against the enemies, but also included interactions between friendly neighboring areas. The local currency relations that occurred in the bases and liberated areas reflected in a concentrated way the uniqueness of the revolutionary economic form of the CPC during the war. The mutual exchange of different local currencies was mainly manifested in four types: cross-area exchange, cross-area currency remittance, border exchange offices and“mixed markets,”and cross-area circulation. They were both sequential and often simultaneous processes. Currency comparison and fluctuation were the pivot of the local currency relationship, swayed not only by price factors, but also by the attitudes and measures of local governments. Although the means of local currency relations between base areas and liberated areas were only rudimentary, they were all innovative practices that had no precedents to follow.