新时代中国社会工作发展的逻辑转换与自主知识体系建构

The Logical Transformation of Chinese Social Work Development and the Construction of Autonomous Knowledge System in the New Era

社会结构转型与现代化进程催生了中国社会工作的恢复重建与快速发展,近30年的社会工作专业实践形成了以本土化为根本任务的发展逻辑。深入反思社会工作本土化这一命题发现,我们在移植和借鉴西方社会工作知识体系的过程中,忽视了中西不平等的现代化脉络下知识移植对中国社会工作主体性关切的阙如,导致其陷入狭隘本土化与以他者为中心的本土化双重陷阱之中。本文尝试从“现代化-主体性”框架理解社会工作在中国产生和发展的实践特征,阐释中国社会工作发展缺乏知识自主性的结构性根源,并结合中国式现代化进程分析构建中国社会工作主体性的时空条件,从主体性角度阐释以“中国社会工作”为整体叙事的话语体系重构框架,并从哲学基础、伦理体系、理论体系、方法体系等维度提出中国社会工作知识再生产的多重路径,以为全球治理贡献社会工作的中国经验与中国方案。

The transformation and modernization of social structure have given birth to the restoration, reconstruction and rapid development of social work in China. Nearly 30 years of social work professional practice has formed a development logic that takes indigenization as the fundamental task. A deeper reflection on the proposition of indigenization reveals that in the process of transplanting and borrowing from Western social work knowledge systems, we have overlooked the lack of concern for the subjectivity of Chinese social work in the context of the unequal modernization between China and the West, leading to the double trap of narrow localization and west-centered indigenization. This paper attempts to understand the practical features of the emergence and development of social work in China from the framework of “modernization-subjectivity”, explains the structural root of the lack of knowledge autonomy in the development of social work in China, and analyzes the time and space conditions for the construction of the subjectivity of social work in China in combination with the process of Chinese modernization. From the perspective of subjectivity, this paper explains the discourse system reconstruction framework with “Chinese social work” as the overall narrative, and puts forward multiple paths of knowledge reproduction of Chinese social work from the perspectives of philosophy, ethics, theory and method, so as to contribute China’s experience and paradigm of social work to participate in global governance.