应用型大学“外聘教师”:“局外人”还是“相关者”

Adjunct Faculty in Application-oriented Universities:Outsiders or Stakeholders

高等教育大众化、普及化给应用型大学校园带来越来越多的外聘教师。快速发展的高等教育为外聘教师的存在提供了合法基础,政府投入不足提供了制度基础,学科与专业建设与调整提供了环境基础。作为“局外人”的外聘教师存在着“临时教员”削弱职业奉献精神、“相对剥夺感”弱化职业获得感、“局外人”意识诱发“道德风险”、“评价虚化”导致“目标盲区”等问题。通过立法规范、建立外聘教师登记卡制度、防范“道德风险”、指派“兼职导师”以及实施“情感支持计划”等措施有助于改善外聘教师处境。

The popularization of higher education will inevitably bring more and more Adjunct Faculty to the applicationoriented universities.The rapid development of higher education provides a legal basis for the existence of Adjunct Faculty,the lack of government investment provides the institutional basis,and the construction and adjustment of disciplines and specialties provide the environmental basis.As"outsiders",Adjunct Faculty have problems such as"contingent faculty"weakening professional dedication,"feeling of relative deprivation"weakening professional attainment."Moral hazard"and"evaluation blurring"induced by"outsider"consciousness cause"target blind area".It is helpful to improve the situation of Adjunct Faculty through legislative norms,establishment of Adjunct Faculty registration card system,prevention of"moral hazard",appointment of"adjunct mentor"and implementation of"emotional support plan".