2022年肿瘤免疫研究热点回眸

Hotspots of cancer immunology in 2022: A review

肿瘤免疫治疗已成为继手术、放疗、化疗之后的第四类肿瘤治疗方法,为当今国际研究的热点领域。在肿瘤免疫治疗新时代,以免疫检查点抑制剂、基因工程化修饰免疫细胞为代表的免疫疗法被认为具有广阔前景。概述了2022年肿瘤免疫治疗领域研究的热点及关键进展,包括嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)在实体瘤治疗中的突破、维持记忆性T细胞生存和功能新机制的发现、改善肿瘤免疫抑制微环境提高免疫治疗疗效的深入探究以及瘤内微生物对抗肿瘤免疫反应的重要影响作用。

Tumor immunotherapy has become the fourth type of tumor therapies after surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and a hot field of international research.Nowadays,we have entered the era of tumor immunotherapy,and immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors and genetically engineered immune cells is a promising therapy for cancers.This article summarizes the hot topics and key advances in cancer immunotherapy in 2022,including the breakthrough of chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T)in the treatment of solid tumors,the discovery of a new mechanism to maintain survival and function of memory T cells,the in-depth exploration of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy,and the important influence of intratumoral microbiota on immune responses against tumor.