自动驾驶时代基于电子路票的组合策略管理多模式通勤出行

Managing multi-mode commuting based on the combined strategy of tradable credit scheme in the era of autonomous vehicles

自动驾驶的出现将对交通系统中的出行行为和模式划分产生显著影响.本文研究可交易电子路票和公共交通定价组合策略对通勤者出行模式选择的影响(如不同出行模式组合的出现条件,共享自动驾驶汽车市场渗透率,路票价格等),并进一步分析组合策略参数对通勤者在不同模式间的转移量和系统总成本的影响.研究表明,实施组合策略后,电子路票均衡价格可以唯一确定;当满足某个特定条件时,独自驾驶传统汽车的通勤者会转向共享自动驾驶汽车和公共交通模式,道路总车辆数明显减少,且效果随着公共交通票价和路票收取额的提高而增加.最后,系统总成本最优解出现在三种模式都包含的区域,此时路票收取额等于某一特定值且公共交通票价等于可行域内的最大值.本研究可以量化新技术的影响,并为交通管理部门制定有效的管理策略提供理论参考.

Autonomous vehicles are expected to generate significant impact on travel behavior and modal split in transportation system. This study investigates the influence of combined strategy of tradable credit scheme(TCS) and public transit fare on commuters’ travel mode choice(such as the conditions for various portfolios of travel modes, the penetration rate for shared autonomous vehicles(SAVs), and the credit price), and the number of commuters transferring among different travel modes and the total travel cost. The results show that the equilibrium credit price can be uniquely determined after the combination strategy is introduced. When a certain condition is met, the number of commuters for regular vehicles and the total number of vehicles on highway decrease significantly by switching to the modes of SAV or public transit,and the effect increases with the public transit fare and the amount of charged credit. Finally,the optimal solution of the total travel cost appears in the region including all three travel modes,where the amount of charged credit equals a certain value and the public transit fare achieves its maximal value in the feasible region. This paper is helpful in quantifying the impact of the new technology and providing the theoretical reference for traffic management departments to develop effective management strategies.