央地关系视域下的1938年宁夏省教育厅长童耀华贪污案研究

A Study on Ningxia Education Department Director Tong Yaohua’s Corruption Case in 1938 from the Perspective of Central-Local Relations

1938年宁夏省教育厅长人事问题引起国民政府与地方各界关注。宁夏省政府通过控告教育厅长童耀华亏空教育款项,要求统一教育经费管理权与人事任免权,以减少国民政府对宁夏事务的控制。国民党中央虽对补助宁夏教育经费领取方式做出部分妥协,但仍坚持掌控该省教育厅长的任免权。因此,宁夏省教育厅长遭到地方抵制以致更动频繁,影响了地方教育事业正常发展。童耀华一案是宁夏省府在集权过程中与中央政府之争的一个缩影,既反映了省府不断挑战中央权力的过程,又显示出全面抗战初期中央对地方的妥协与坚持。

In 1938,the appointment of the director of the education Department of Ningxia Province aroused the attention of the National Government and all local circles.By accusing the director of the Education Department Tong Yaohua of defalcating educational funds,Ningxia provincial government demanded the right of managing educational funds and personnel appointment and removal to reduce the control of the National Government over Ningxia affairs.Although Kuomintang Central Committee made some compromises on the way of receive education funds to subsidize Ningxia,it still insisted on controlling the appointment and removal of the provincial education department director.Therefore,the director of the Education Department of Ningxia Province was boycotted by the local authorities and changed frequently,which affected the normal development of local education.Tong Yaohua’s case is a microcosm of the struggle between the Ningxia provincial government and the central government in the process of concentration of political power,which not only reflects the process of the provincial government continuously challenging the central power,but also shows the compromise and persistence of the central government to the local government at the beginning of the nation-wide War of Resistance.