航天器威胁规避智能自主控制技术研究综述

Review on Intelligent Autonomous Control for Spacecraft Confronting Orbital Threats

当前,轨道空间日益拥挤、太空竞争不断加剧,对航天器执行既定任务时的轨道威胁自主应对能力提出了新的挑战,使得航天器智能自主控制技术迎来新的发展机遇.在调研分析了轨道威胁感知、自主决策规划、规避机动动作执行、自主控制系统架构相关研究进展的基础上,总结提出了威胁规避智能自主控制面临的主要瓶颈问题,并分析指出发展“感知-决策-执行”一体化控制是破解瓶颈难题的有效手段,最后从一体化控制系统建模、设计、分析与验证多方面,系统讨论了威胁规避智能自主控制需要重点关注的若干基础问题,为未来航天器智能自主控制的理论研究和技术发展提供启发和参考.

At present, the safe operations of spacecraft are facing severe challenges due to the increasingly congested orbital space and intensified space competition, which poses new challenges to the ability of spacecraft to autonomously cope with orbital threats while carrying out established missions, and at the same time, brings new development opportunities to intelligent autonomous control technologies of spacecraft. Under such a circumstance,after summarizing the current trends of orbital threat perception, spacecraft autonomous decision-making and planning, collision avoidance maneuvers, and autonomous control system architecture design, we analyze the main bottleneck problems in the intelligent autonomous control for spacecraft confronting orbital threats, and then propose that developing the integrated “perception-decision-action” control system is an effective means to solve the bottleneck problems. Furthermore, we systematically discuss the basic theoretical issues that need to be addressed in the intelligent autonomous control of threat avoidance from the aspects of integrated control system modeling, design,analysis and verification.