中国葡萄育种单位及其育种情况的分析

Distribution and introduction of grape breeding units in China

中国葡萄育种研究成效显著,近70年来,自育成葡萄品种402个,育种主体有172家,既有科研单位又有企业或者个人。综述了所育成的品种情况,育种手段、育种单位的分布情况等信息。科研单位是葡萄育种的主力军,育出葡萄新品种279个。华东地区育种单位最多,育成品种数也最多,达132个,占全国育成品种数的32.8%,其中公司及个人育成品种41个。育种技术以杂交育种为主,辅以芽变育种、实生选育及诱变育种,此4种育种手段育成的品种数量分别为269、65、62、6个。

China’s grape breeding research has achieved remarkable results.In the past 70 years,China has 402 self-breeding grape varieties and 172 breeding subjects,including scientific and educational institutions as well as companies or individuals.The information on the varieties bred,the breeding means,and the distribution of breeding units is summarized.So far,the scientific research units are the main force of grape breeding,a total of 279 new grape varieties have been selected.In terms of different regions,East China has the largest number of breeding units and the largest number of breeding.A total of 132 varieties have been selected,accounting for 32.8%of the country.Among them,there are as many as 41 varieties selected by companies and individuals.The main methods of grape breeding in China are hybrid breeding,supplemented by bud mutation breeding and seed breeding,and hybrid mutation breeding.The number of varieties bred by these four breeding methods is 269,65,62,and 6 respectively.