减阻牙周膜牵张成骨术的研究进展

Research progress on osteogenesis by drag reduction distraction of the periodontal ligament

错[牙合]畸形严重影响患者的口腔甚至全身健康,且多年来患病率居高不下。正畸矫治是错[牙合]畸形的重要治疗手段。减阻牙周膜牵张成骨术可安全、高效地使正畸牙移动加速,有望解决传统矫治方法因矫治周期长而引发牙体、牙周健康风险的问题,但同时也存在加力大、加力难等问题,制约了其临床应用。近年来,关于减阻牙周膜牵张成骨术的分子机制研究不断深入,自动牵张成骨装置不断研发,推动了这项技术的不断革新。本文综合国内外的相关研究,从减阻牙周膜牵张成骨术的发展简史、重要技术参数、分子生物学机制及组织学特点、技术优势与革新等方面进行综述,以利于全面了解减阻牙周膜牵张成骨术的研究进展,加深对该技术的深入理解,为加速正畸牙移动的技术革新与临床应用提供参考。

Malocclusion seriously affect oral health and general health of patients,and keep a high prevalence remaining for many years.Orthodontics is an effective treatment.It is reported that osteogenesis by drag reduction distraction of the periodontal ligament can safely and efficiently accelerate the movement of orthodontic tooth,so might be used to solve some difficult problems caused by traditional correcting methods which took a long treatment duration,increased the risk of dental caries,periodontitis and root resorption.However,periodontal ligament distraction(PDLD)has not been widely used in clinical practice due to large force,inconvenient exertion,and poor comfort of patients.With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology,more mechanical force-sensitive genes,non-coding RNA and lncRNAs/circRNA-miRNAs-mRNAs regulatory network maps involved in regulation have been found.At the same time,the research and development of accurate measurement and control and automatic distraction devices have also made great progress,which can gradually overcome the technical defects of PDLD in the past.A variety of new automatic distraction devices such as motor system,hydraulic system,shape memory alloy and piezoelectric motor have been developed,which have achieved encouraging results in animal experiments and clinical trials.Therefore,PDLD has made rapid progress in minimally invasive and automated aspects.The previous studies addressing the development history,important technical parameters,molecular biological mechanism,histological characteristics,technical advantages and innovation of PDLD have been reviewed in present article,in order to make a comprehensive summary of the latest progress in research and provide reference for accelerating the technical innovation and clinical application of orthodontic tooth movement.