人民代表大会制度的早期萌芽——以1927年上海市民代表会议制度为例

An Early Embryo of the People’s Congress System:A Case Study of Shanghai Citizens’ Congress System in 1927

中国共产党在大革命时期,就重视建立人民代表大会制度,以推动人民民主法治建设,保障人民当家作主。在中国共产党领导下,上海工人第三次武装起义胜利后建立的上海市民代表会议制度,是中国近代政治史上最早建立的大城市人民代表大会制度。这一制度对建立当时的上海人民民主政权发挥过重要作用,对国内外产生过重大影响,与那时的省港罢工“工人代表大会制度”和各级农民代表大会制度齐名,共同形成中国近代最早的“三株珍贵”的人民代表大会制度的萌芽。今天,有必要寻根溯源上海市民代表会议制度,为完善当今的人民代表大会制度,提供有益的资源。

During the Great Revolution,the Communist Party of China(CPC) attached great importance to the establishment of the people’s congress system to promote the construction of the people’s democratic legal system and ensure that the people are the masters of the country. Under the leadership of the CPC,the Shanghai citizens’ congress system was established after the victory of the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers. This system was the earliest system of people’s congress in a large city in modern Chinese political history. This system played an important role in the establishment of the people’s democratic regime in Shanghai at that time,and had a significant impact at home and abroad. It was as famous as the provincial and port striking workers’ congress system and the farmers’ congress system at all levels at that time,and they jointly formed the earliest “three precious” embryos of people’s congress system in modern China. Today,it is necessary to trace the origin of the Shanghai citizens’ congress system to provide useful resources to improve the current system of people’s congress.